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  2. Extensional tectonics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Extensional_tectonics

    After the collision has finished the zone of thickened crust generally undergoes gravitational collapse, often with the formation of very large extensional faults. Large-scale Devonian extension, for example, followed immediately after the end of the Caledonian orogeny particularly in East Greenland and western Norway .

  3. List of rock formations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_rock_formations

    A rock formation is an isolated, scenic, or spectacular surface rock outcrop. Rock formations are usually the result of weathering and erosion sculpting the existing rock. The term rock formation can also refer to specific sedimentary strata or other rock unit in stratigraphic and petrologic studies.

  4. Testudo formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Testudo_formation

    In the testudo formation, the men would align their shields to form a packed formation covered with shields on the front and top. [1] The first row of men, possibly excluding the men on the flanks, would hold their shields from about the height of their shins to their eyes, so as to cover the formation's front.

  5. Geological formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geological_formation

    A geological formation, or simply formation, is a body of rock having a consistent set of physical characteristics that distinguishes it from adjacent bodies of rock, and which occupies a particular position in the layers of rock exposed in a geographical region (the stratigraphic column).

  6. Phalanx - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phalanx

    Sumerian phalanx-like formation c. 2400 BC, from detail of the victory stele of King Eannatum of Lagash over Umma, called the Stele of the Vultures. The phalanx (pl.: phalanxes or phalanges) [1] was a rectangular mass military formation, usually composed entirely of heavy infantry armed with spears, pikes, sarissas, or similar polearms tightly packed together.

  7. Scutum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scutum

    The phalanx was a compact, rectangular mass military formation. The soldiers lined up in very tight ranks in a formation that was eight lines deep. The phalanx advanced in unison, which encouraged cohesion among the troops. It formed a shield wall and a mass of spears pointing towards the enemy. Its compactness provided a thrusting force that ...

  8. Romualdo Formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Romualdo_Formation

    The Romualdo Formation is a geologic Konservat-Lagerstätte in northeastern Brazil's Araripe Basin where the states of Pernambuco, Piauí and Ceará come together. The geological formation, previously designated as the Romualdo Member of the Santana Formation , named after the village of Santana do Cariri , lies at the base of the Araripe Plateau .

  9. Portland Formation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Portland_Formation

    The Portland Formation is a geological formation in Connecticut and Massachusetts in the northeastern United States. [1] It dates back to the Early Jurassic period. [2] The formation consists mainly of sandstone laid down by a series of lakes (in the older half of the formation) and the floodplain of a river (in the younger half).