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Gandhara (IAST: Gandhāra) was an ancient Indo-Aryan [1] civilization centred in present-day north-west Pakistan and north-east Afghanistan. [2] [3] [4] The core of the region of Gandhara was the Peshawar and Swat valleys extending as far east as the Pothohar Plateau in Punjab, though the cultural influence of Greater Gandhara extended westwards into the Kabul valley in Afghanistan, and ...
By the later 6th century BCE, the founder of the Persian Achaemenid Empire, Cyrus, soon after his conquests of Media, Lydia, and Babylonia, marched into Gandhara and annexed it into his empire. [11]
Gandhara among the kingdoms of Epic Indian history Gandhāra ( Sanskrit : गन्धार ) was an ancient Indian kingdom mentioned in the Indian epics Mahabharata and Ramayana . Gandhara prince Shakuni was the root of all the conspiracies of Duryodhana against the Pandavas , which finally resulted in the Kurukshetra War .
The language was heavily used by the former Buddhist cultures of Central Asia and has been found as far away as eastern China, in inscriptions at Luoyang and Anyang. Gandhari served as an official language of the Kushan Empire and various central Asian kingdoms, including Khotan and Shanshan . [ 1 ]
Gandhara Satrapy was established in the general region of the old Gandhara grave culture, in what is today Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. During Achaemenid rule, the Kharosthi alphabet, derived from the one used for Aramaic (the official language of Achaemenids), developed here and remained the national script of Gandhara until 200 CE.
Vrishabha Sen was the Ganadhara of Tīrthankara Rishabhanatha.According to Jain legends, after the nirvana of Rishabhanatha, Bharata was in grief. Ganadhara Vrisabha Sen saw him and spoke to him:
Buddhism first took root in Gandhara 2,300 years ago under the Mauryan king Ashoka who sent missionaries to the Kashmira-Gandhara region following the Third Buddhist council in Pataliputra (modern India). [6] [7] [8] Majjhantika, a monk from the city of Varanasi in India, was assigned by Ashoka to preach in Kashmir and Gandhara.
Gandhara was an ancient region in the north-west of Pakistan and parts of north-east Afghanistan from Peshawer basin and Swat Valley going far up to Kabul and the Pothohar Plateau. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] This region played an important role in the history of South Asia and East Asia . [ 3 ]