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Figure–ground organization is a type of perceptual grouping that is a vital necessity for recognizing objects through vision. In Gestalt psychology it is known as identifying a figure from the background. For example, black words on a printed paper are seen as the "figure", and the white sheet as the "background". [1]
Another example of a bistable figure Rubin included in his Danish-language, two-volume book was the Maltese cross. A 3D model of a Rubin vase Rubin presented in his doctoral thesis (1915) a detailed description of the visual figure-ground relationship, an outgrowth of the visual perception and memory work in the laboratory of his mentor, Georg ...
Figure-ground organization structures the perceptual field into a figure (standing out at the front of the perceptual field) and a background (receding behind the figure). [39] Pioneering work on figure-ground organization was carried out by the Danish psychologist Edgar Rubin. The Gestalt psychologists demonstrated that people tend to perceive ...
Figure and ground (media), a concept developed by media theorist Marshall McLuhan; Figure–ground (perception), referring to humans' ability to separate foreground from background in visual images. Figure-ground perception is one of the main issues in gestalt psychology. Figure-ground in map design, the ability to easily discriminate the main ...
Other classic examples are the Rubin vase, [2] and the "My Wife and My Mother-in-Law" drawing, the latter dating from a German postcard of 1888. Ambiguous images are important to the field of psychology because they are often research tools used in experiments. [3]
The principles of grouping (or Gestalt laws of grouping) are a set of principles in psychology, first proposed by Gestalt psychologists to account for the observation that humans naturally perceive objects as organized patterns and objects, a principle known as Prägnanz. Gestalt psychologists argued that these principles exist because the mind ...
Figure and ground is a concept drawn from Gestalt psychology by media theorist Marshall McLuhan in the early 1970s. This concept underpins the meaning of his famous phrase, "The medium is the message". The concept was an approach to what was called "perceptual organization."
The watercolor illusion has had much debate over whether it can be described by Gestalt psychology.Watercolor illusion has been considered a case of the Gestalt principles by some because of the similarity principles that describe the figure-ground (perception).