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Desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) is an ambient ionization technique that can be coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) for chemical analysis of samples at atmospheric conditions. Coupled ionization sources-MS systems are popular in chemical analysis because the individual capabilities of various sources combined with different MS systems ...
One example is fast-atom bombardment ionization which can allow for liquid samples separated by the LC to flow into the ionization chamber and be ionized easily. [1] The most common ionization method coupled to LC is some form of spray ionization, which includes thermospray ionization and more commonly, electrospray (ESI) ionization.
DESI and DART are considered as pioneer techniques in the field of ambient ionization, [4] since they operate in the open laboratory environment and do not require sample pretreatment. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] In contrast to the liquid spray used by DESI, the ionizing gas from the DART ion source contains a dry stream containing excited state species.
Extractive electrospray ionization is a spray-type, ambient ionization method that uses two merged sprays, one of which is generated by electrospray. [ 49 ] Laser-based electrospray-based ambient ionization is a two-step process in which a pulsed laser is used to desorb or ablate material from a sample and the plume of material interacts with ...
One example is electrospray laser desorption ionization (ELDI), which uses an ultraviolet laser to form ions by irradiating the sample directly, then interacting with the electrospray plume without using any matrices. [40] The infrared version of ELDI has been referred to as laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI). IR-MALDESI differs ...
Nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI) is an ambient pressure ionization technique used in mass spectrometry (MS) for chemical analysis of organic molecules. [1] In this technique, analytes are desorbed into a liquid bridge formed between two capillaries and the sampling surface. [ 2 ]
Electrostatic spray ionization (ESTASI) is an ambient ionization method for mass spectrometry (MS) analysis of samples located on a flat or porous surface, or inside a microchannel. It was developed in 2011 by Professor Hubert H. Girault ’s group at the École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) in Switzerland. [ 1 ]
The sample area is about 10 mm 2. [8] An optional enclosure, most commonly made of glass, can cover the sampling area to ensure proper positioning of the gas jet and the sample transfer line. A tube carries the neutral aerosol to the ESI spray. The sample spray in EESI produces a liquid aerosol with the analyte in sample droplets. [9]