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Ancillary Terrestrial Component (ATC) is a U.S. Federal Communications Commission-approved [1] technique for using a "terrestrial" network of cell-phone towers to supplement a Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) provided by orbiting communications satellites. Satellite communications can be degraded by various factors, including attenuation in urban ...
Seismic analysis is a subset of structural analysis and is the calculation of the response of a building (or nonbuilding) structure to earthquakes. It is part of the process of structural design, earthquake engineering or structural assessment and retrofit (see structural engineering) in regions where earthquakes are prevalent.
ATC FIS Federal Inspection Services FIS-B Flight information services – broadcast FISE flight information service enroute FL flight level: ATC FLIR Forward-looking infra-red FLTA Forward-looking terrain avoidance FM frequency modulation: Example: FM immunity FMA flight mode annunciator: Equipment FMC flight management computer (part of a FMS ...
Earthquake modification techniques and modern building codes are designed to prevent total destruction of buildings for earthquakes of no greater than 8.5 on the Richter Scale. [4] Although the Richter Scale is referenced, the localized shaking intensity is one of the largest factors to be considered in building resiliency.
Seismic retrofitting is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes.With better understanding of seismic demand on structures and with recent experiences with large earthquakes near urban centers, the need of seismic retrofitting is well acknowledged.
The National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) was established in 1977 by the United States Congress as part of the Earthquake Hazards Reduction Act of 1977.The original stated purpose for NEHRP was "to reduce the risks of life and property from future Earthquakes in the United States through the establishment and maintenance of an effective earthquake hazards reduction program."
It is routinely used to provide post-earthquake situational awareness for emergency management and response and for damage and loss estimation. ShakeMap is also the primary shaking hazard input for many other downstream USGS earthquake products, including ShakeCast's assessments of critical facilities, PAGER 's societal losses, and estimates of ...
A series of mixed vertical oscillators A plot of the peak acceleration for the mixed vertical oscillators. A response spectrum is a plot of the peak or steady-state response (displacement, velocity or acceleration) of a series of oscillators of varying natural frequency, that are forced into motion by the same base vibration or shock.