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In chemistry, solubility is the ability of a substance, ... The two common thermodynamic cycles used involve either the calculation of the free energy of sublimation ...
A solubility equilibrium exists when a chemical compound in the solid state is in chemical equilibrium with a solution containing the compound. This type of equilibrium is an example of dynamic equilibrium in that some individual molecules migrate between the solid and solution phases such that the rates of dissolution and precipitation are equal to one another.
The tables below provides information on the variation of solubility of different substances (mostly inorganic compounds) in water with temperature, at one atmosphere pressure. Units of solubility are given in grams of substance per 100 millilitres of water (g/100 ml), unless shown otherwise. The substances are listed in alphabetical order.
Here, the green substance has a greater solubility in the lower layer than in the upper layer. The partition coefficient, abbreviated P, is defined as a particular ratio of the concentrations of a solute between the two solvents (a biphase of liquid phases), specifically for un-ionized solutes, and the logarithm of the ratio is thus log P.
MOSCED (short for “modified separation of cohesive energy density" model) is a thermodynamic model for the estimation of limiting activity coefficients (also known as activity coefficient at infinite dilution).
Hansen solubility parameters were developed by Charles M. Hansen in his Ph.D thesis in 1967 [1] [2] as a way of predicting if one material will dissolve in another and form a solution. [3] They are based on the idea that like dissolves like where one molecule is defined as being 'like' another if it bonds to itself in a similar way.
An equation similar to that of Kelvin can be derived for the solubility of small particles or droplets in a liquid, by means of the connection between vapour pressure and solubility, thus the Kelvin equation also applies to solids, to slightly soluble liquids, and their solutions if the partial pressure is replaced by the solubility of the ...
(However, PE only dissolves at temperatures well above 100 °C.) Poly(styrene) has a solubility parameter of 9.1 cal 1/2 cm −3/2, and thus ethyl acetate is likely to be a good solvent. Nylon 6,6 has a solubility parameter of 13.7 cal 1/2 cm −3/2, and ethanol is likely to be the best solvent of those tabulated. However, the latter is polar ...