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Each component implemented two bits of a processor function; packages could be interconnected to build a processor with any desired word length. Members of the 3000 family: 3001 – Microcontrol Unit; 3002 – 2-bit Arithmetic Logic Unit slice [12] 3003 – Look-ahead Carry Generator; 3205 – High-performance 1 of 8 Binary Decoder
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A CPU cache [71] is a hardware cache used by the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer to reduce the average cost (time or energy) to access data from the main memory. A cache is a smaller, faster memory, closer to a processor core , which stores copies of the data from frequently used main memory locations .
If based on the von Neumann architecture, they contain at least a control unit (CU), an arithmetic logic unit (ALU), and processor registers. In practice, CPUs in personal computers are usually also connected, through the motherboard , to a main memory bank, hard drive or other permanent storage , and peripherals , such as a keyboard and mouse .
A CPU socket is made of plastic, and often comes with a lever or latch, and with metal contacts for each of the pins or lands on the CPU. Many packages are keyed to ensure the proper insertion of the CPU. CPUs with a PGA (pin grid array) package are inserted into the socket and, if included, the latch is closed.
Because computer parts contain hazardous materials, there is a growing movement to recycle old and outdated parts. [66] Computer hardware contain dangerous chemicals such as lead, mercury, nickel, and cadmium. According to the EPA these e-wastes have a harmful effect on the environment unless they are disposed of properly.
A cache in a CPU or GPU servicing data load and store requests, mirroring main memory (or VRAM for a GPU). data storage A technology consisting of computer components and recording media used to retain digital data. It is a core function and fundamental component of computers. [1] device memory
The control unit (CU) is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs the operation of the processor. A CU typically uses a binary decoder to convert coded instructions into timing and control signals that direct the operation of the other units (memory, arithmetic logic unit and input and output devices, etc.).