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The truffles are roughly spherical to irregular in shape, and typically measure 0.5 to 2 centimetres (1 ⁄ 4 to 3 ⁄ 4 inch) in diameter (rarely are they greater than 5 cm or 2 in). The surface color ranges from reddish brown to rust to blackish. Warts on the fruit body surface are low, so that the truffle appears fairly smooth.
The list of organisms by chromosome count describes ploidy or numbers of chromosomes in the cells of various plants, animals, protists, and other living organisms.This number, along with the visual appearance of the chromosome, is known as the karyotype, [1] [2] [3] and can be found by looking at the chromosomes through a microscope.
The basidia (spore bearing cells of the hymenium), are 20–31 by 5–9 μm, four-spored, and have clamps at their bases; there are no basidia found on the sterile gill edge. The cheilocystidia ( cystidia on the gill edge) measure 15–30 by 4–7 μm, and are flask-shaped with long thin necks that are 1–3.5 μm wide.
The white truffle market in Alba is busiest in the months of October and November when the Fiera del Tartufo (truffle fair) takes place. [16] In 2001, Tuber magnatum truffles sold for between $2,200–$4,800 per kilogram ($1,000–$2,200 per pound); [ 17 ] as of December 2009, they were being sold at $14,203.50/kg.
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Other mushrooms including truffles, jellies, earthstars, and bird's nests usually do not have stalks, and a specialized mycological vocabulary exists to describe their parts. The way the gills attach to the top of the stalk is an important feature of mushroom morphology.
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Elaphomyces (‘deer truffles’) is a genus of hypogeous fungi in the family Elaphomycetaceae.The widespread genus contains 25 truffle-like species. [2] Elaphomyces is one of the most important ectomycorrhizal fungal genera in temperate and subarctic forest ecosystems. [3]