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Illustration depicting the layers of the heart wall including the innermost endocardium. The endocardium (pl.: endocardia) is the innermost layer of tissue that lines the chambers of the heart.
The endocardial cushions are thought to arise from a subset of endothelial cells that undergo epithelial-mesenchymal transition, a process whereby these cells break cell-to-cell contacts and migrate into the cardiac jelly (towards the interior of the heart tube). These migrated cells form the "swellings" called the endocardial cushions seen in ...
The endocardial tubes have an intimate proximity to the foregut or pharyngeal endoderm. [ 1 ] As folding of the embryo in the horizontal plane initiates in the 4th week of gestation, the endocardial tubes meet in the midline to form the primitive heart tube , which will eventually develop into the histologically definitive endocardium .
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 24 February 2025. List of organ systems in the human body Part of a series of lists about Human anatomy General Features Regions Variations Movements Systems Structures Arteries Bones Eponymous Foramina Glands endocrine exocrine Lymphatic vessels Nerves Organs Systems Veins Muscles Abductors Adductors ...
Real-time MRI of the human heart The human heart is in the middle of the thorax, with its apex pointing to the left. [15] The human heart is situated in the mediastinum, at the level of thoracic vertebrae T5–T8. A double-membraned sac called the pericardium surrounds the heart and attaches to the mediastinum. [16]
This begins with the formation of two endocardial tubes which merge to form the tubular heart, also called the primitive heart tube. The heart is the first functional organ in vertebrate embryos . The tubular heart quickly differentiates into the truncus arteriosus , bulbus cordis , primitive ventricle , primitive atrium , and the sinus venosus .
A wealth of new information about Earth’s inner core has surfaced in recent months. Scientists now have evidence that the planet’s innermost layer is changing shape.
Transvenous cardiac pacing (TVP), [1] also called endocardial pacing, is a potentially life-saving intervention used primarily to correct profound bradycardia.It can be used to treat symptomatic bradycardias that do not respond to transcutaneous pacing or to drug therapy.