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[106] [107] In 2002 Switzerland became a full member of the United Nations. [104] It was the first state to join it by referendum. Switzerland maintains diplomatic relations with almost all countries and historically has served as an intermediary between other states. [104]
History of Switzerland, 1499–1914 (1922) full text online; Ozment, Steven E. The Reformation in the Cities: The Appeal of Protestantism to Sixteenth-Century Germany and Switzerland (1975) Remak, Joachim. A Very Civil War. The Swiss Sonderbund War of 1847. (1993). Schelbert, Leo. Historical Dictionary of Switzerland (2007) excerpt and text ...
Nation-building is a long evolutionary process, and in most cases the date of a country's "formation" cannot be objectively determined; e.g., the fact that England and France were sovereign kingdoms on equal footing in the medieval period does not prejudice the fact that England is not now a sovereign state (having passed sovereignty to Great ...
The first official acknowledgement of the sovereignty of the United States of America was on November 16, 1776, when the first foreign salute [7] was given to the American Flag. The gun salute was given to the vessel USS Andrew Doria in Fort Orange on the Dutch island of St. Eustatius.
1519: Founding of Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz ; 1519: Álvarez de Pineda explores the Gulf Coast of the United States; 1519: Founding of Panama City by Pedro Arias Dávila; 1521: Hernán Cortés completes the conquest of the Aztec Empire. 1521: Juan Ponce de León tries and fails to settle in Florida.
The rise of Switzerland as a federal state began on 12 September 1848, with the creation of a federal constitution in response to a 27-day civil war, the Sonderbundskrieg. The constitution, which was heavily influenced by the United States Constitution and the ideas of the French Revolution , was modified several times during the following ...
Year Date Event 1843: June: The first Schweizerisches Gesangsfest, a singing festival, was held in Zürich.: 1847: 3 November: Sonderbund War: In the midst of a political crisis, troops from Uri, a member of the Sonderbund, a separate alliance of Catholic cantons of Switzerland, seized the Gotthard Pass between the northern and southern halves of the country.
Abraham Alfonse Albert Gallatin (January 29, 1761 – August 12, 1849) was a Genevan-American politician, diplomat, ethnologist, and linguist.Often described as "America's Swiss Founding Father", [3] [4] he was a leading figure in the early years of the United States, helping shape the new republic's financial system and foreign policy.