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The area of a regular polygon is half its perimeter multiplied by the distance from its center to its sides, and because the sequence tends to a circle, the corresponding formula–that the area is half the circumference times the radius–namely, A = 1 / 2 × 2πr × r, holds for a circle.
A page from Archimedes' Measurement of a Circle. Measurement of a Circle or Dimension of the Circle (Greek: Κύκλου μέτρησις, Kuklou metrēsis) [1] is a treatise that consists of three propositions, probably made by Archimedes, ca. 250 BCE. [2] [3] The treatise is only a fraction of what was a longer work. [4] [5]
A perimeter is a closed path that encompasses, surrounds, or outlines either a two dimensional shape or a one-dimensional length. The perimeter of a circle or an ellipse is called its circumference. Calculating the perimeter has several practical applications. A calculated perimeter is the length of fence required to surround a yard or garden.
He also provided the bounds 3 + 10 / 71 < π < 3 + 10 / 70, (giving a range of 1 / 497) by comparing the perimeters of the circle with the perimeters of the inscribed and circumscribed 96-sided regular polygons. Other results he obtained with the method of exhaustion included [9]
The circumference of a circle is the distance around it, but if, as in many elementary treatments, distance is defined in terms of straight lines, this cannot be used as a definition. Under these circumstances, the circumference of a circle may be defined as the limit of the perimeters of inscribed regular polygons as the number of sides ...
The circle is the shape with the largest area for a given length of perimeter (see Isoperimetric inequality). The circle is a highly symmetric shape: every line through the centre forms a line of reflection symmetry, and it has rotational symmetry around the centre for every angle.
The formula for the area of a circle (more properly called the area enclosed by a circle or the area of a disk) is based on a similar method. Given a circle of radius r, it is possible to partition the circle into sectors, as shown in the figure to the right. Each sector is approximately triangular in shape, and the sectors can be rearranged to ...
Alternatively, the shape's area could be compared to that of its bounding circle, [1] [2] its convex hull, [1] [3] or its minimum bounding box. [3] Similarly, a comparison can be made between the perimeter of the shape and that of its convex hull, [3] its bounding circle, [1] or a circle having the same area. [1]