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A 3D cell culture is an artificially created environment in which biological cells are permitted to grow or interact with their surroundings in all three dimensions. Unlike 2D environments (e.g. a Petri dish), a 3D cell culture allows cells in vitro to grow in all directions, similar to how they would in vivo. [1]
3D cell culture methods have been developed to enable research into the behavior of cells in an environment that represents their interactions in-vivo more accurately [5].. 3D cell culturing by magnetic levitation uses biocompatible polymer-based reagents [2] to deliver magnetic nanoparticles to individual cells, so that an applied magnetic driver can levitate cells off the bottom of the cell ...
OpenAlea: an open-source software environment for plant modeling, [2] which contains L-Py, an open-source python implementation of the Lindenmayer systems [3] Branching: L-system Tree A Java applet and its source code (open source) of the botanical tree growth simulation using the L-system. Arbaro- opensource; Treal- opensource; L-arbor ...
Micro-mass cultures of C3H-10T1/2 cells at varied oxygen tensions stained with Alcian blue. A commonly applied definition of tissue engineering, as stated by Langer [3] and Vacanti, [4] is "an interdisciplinary field that applies the principles of engineering and life sciences toward the development of biological substitutes that restore, maintain, or improve [Biological tissue] function or a ...
Currently, there is an increase in use of 3D cell cultures in research areas including drug discovery, cancer biology, regenerative medicine, nanomaterials assessment and basic life science research. [66] [67] [68] 3D cell cultures can be grown using a scaffold or matrix, or in a scaffold-free manner. Scaffold based cultures utilize an ...
An organ-on-a-chip (OOC) is a multi-channel 3-D microfluidic cell culture, integrated circuit (chip) that simulates the activities, mechanics and physiological response of an entire organ or an organ system. [1] [2] It constitutes the subject matter of significant biomedical engineering research, more precisely in bio-MEMS.
Plant tissue culture is a collection of techniques used to maintain or grow plant cells, tissues, or organs under sterile conditions on a nutrient culture medium of known composition. It is widely used to produce clones of a plant in a method known as micropropagation .
The ABC model of flower development was first formulated by George Haughn and Chris Somerville in 1988. [9] It was first used as a model to describe the collection of genetic mechanisms that establish floral organ identity in the Rosids, as exemplified by Arabidopsis thaliana, and the Asterids, as demonstrated by Antirrhinum majus.