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The Francophonie or Francophone world is the whole body of people and organisations around the world who use the French language regularly for private or public purposes. The term was coined by Onésime Reclus [1] in 1880 and became important as part of the conceptual rethinking of cultures and geography in the late 20th century.
French is also the second most geographically widespread language in the world after English, with about 60 countries and territories having it as a de jure or de facto official, administrative, or cultural language. [1] The following is a list of sovereign states and territories where French is an official or de facto language.
Afro-Romanian populations are mostly concentrated in major cities of Romania. [1] Africans have been immigrating to Romania since the Communist Era. [2] The majority of African-Romanians are of mixed ancestry, usually being the children of a Romanian parent and an African student who came to Romania. Nicolae Ceaușescu had a plan to educate the ...
The anthem was written as a poem titled "Proud to be African" by Ethiopian poet Tsegaye Gabre-Medhin.Kenyan choral composer Arthur Mudogo Kemoli composed the anthem's music in Dakar, Senegal in 1986 [1] and it was selected as the anthem of the AU's predecessor, the Organisation of African Unity (OAU), as part of a contest.
Ethnic composition of Romania. Localities with a Hungarian majority or plurality are shown in dark green. After the fall of Romania's communist government in 1989, the various minority languages have received more rights, and Romania currently has extensive laws relating to the rights of minorities to use their own language in local administration and the judicial system.
Françafrique has been characterised by several features that emerged during the Cold War, the first of which was the African cell, a group that comprised the French President and his close advisors who made policy decisions on Africa, often in close collaboration with powerful business networks and the French secret service. [1]
"The Struggle for Economic Influence in Southeastern Europe: The French Failure in Romania, 1940." Journal of Modern History 43.3 (1971): 468–482. online; Jackson, Peter. "France and the guarantee to Romania, April 1939." Intelligence and National Security 10.2 (1995): 242–272. Thomas, Martin. "To arm an ally: French arms sales to Romania ...
Alliance française Montpellier is a French language school in the south of France, a private higher education institution providing French courses for foreigners and a non-profit association, established in accordance with the statutes and objectives of the Alliance française Foundation. This study centre is part of the network of Alliances ...