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Cholecystectomy is the surgical removal of the gallbladder.Cholecystectomy is a common treatment of symptomatic gallstones and other gallbladder conditions. [1] In 2011, cholecystectomy was the eighth most common operating room procedure performed in hospitals in the United States. [2]
Lithotomy from Greek for "lithos" and "tomos" (), is a surgical method for removal of calculi, stones formed inside certain organs, such as the urinary tract (kidney stones), bladder (bladder stones), and gallbladder (), that cannot exit naturally through the urinary system or biliary tract.
Oophorectomy is the surgical removal of the ovaries, also called spaying. Orchiectomy is the surgical removal of the testicles, also called orchidectomy, castration, or neutering. Ostectomy is the surgical removal of bone. Operculectomy is the surgical removal of the gum flaps that cover erupted wisdom teeth.
In rare cases when surgery is not possible, medication can be used to dissolve the stones or lithotripsy can be used to break them down. [7] In developed countries, 10–15% of adults experience gallstones. [4] Gallbladder and biliary-related diseases occurred in about 104 million people (1.6% of people) in 2013 and resulted in 106,000 deaths.
[5] [11] They are recommended if surgery cannot occur in a timely manner or if the case is complicated. [5] Stones in the common bile duct can be removed before surgery by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) or during surgery. [7] Complications from surgery are rare. [4] In people unable to have surgery, gallbladder drainage ...
[27] Removal of the gallbladder with surgery, known as a cholecystectomy, is the definitive surgical treatment for biliary colic. [28] A 2013 Cochrane review found tentative evidence to suggest that early gallbladder removal may be better than delayed removal. [29] Early laparoscopic cholecystectomy happens within 72 hours of diagnosis. [13]
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The debate whether surgical removal of the gallbladder or simply gallstones was preferred was settled in the 1920s, with the consensus that removal of the gallbladder was preferred. [36] It was only in the mid and late parts of the twentieth century that medical imaging techniques such as use of contrast medium and CT scans were used to view ...