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It adds cohesion to an academic text and helps organize ideas not only within the paragraph but also the piece of writing as a whole. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 6 ] As the topic sentence encapsulates the idea of the paragraph, serving as a sub-thesis, it remains general enough to cover the support given in the body paragraph while being more direct than the ...
Example 1: An article on new traffic regulations starts with the key decisions made, then narrates public reactions, and concludes with an overview of expected impacts. Example 2: In a scientific report, the hourglass structure may present research findings first, followed by the methodology used, and conclude with implications and future ...
For example, American and British education systems frame the thesis statement differently. American schools generally encourage students to write their thesis statement so that the writer's ultimate conclusion(s) on the topic described in their paper is made clear; this opinion is then typically reiterated in the conclusion.
A lead should not serve to be a perfect definition of the subject of the article; a lead should be an introduction to that subject. A great lead would ignite a reader's curiosity and tempt them to read the body of paragraphs below. Therefore, it is not useful to be pedantic and add minor or overly technical aspects of a definition to the lead.
Several academic journals now provide a dual-publishing model where suitable academic review articles are published as a stable, indexed version of record, and also copied as a Wikipedia page. [2] These generate a citeable version of the article for the author as well as providing peer-reviewed content for the encyclopedia.
Academic style has often been criticized for being too full of jargon and hard to understand by the general public. [11] [12] In 2022, Joelle Renstrom argued that the COVID-19 pandemic has had a negative impact on academic writing and that many scientific articles now "contain more jargon than ever, which encourages misinterpretation, political spin, and a declining public trust in the ...
Longer essays may also contain an introductory page that defines words and phrases of the essay's topic. Most academic institutions require that all substantial facts, quotations, and other supporting material in an essay be referenced in a bibliography or works cited page at the end of the text. This scholarly convention helps others (whether ...
The article title appears at the top of a reader's browser window and as a large level 1 heading above the editable text of an article, circled here in dark red. The name or names given in the first sentence does not always match the article title.