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The first group is Tangtu, or Kajeroan, also known as Baduy Dalam or Kanekes Dalam (meaning "Inner Kanekes"), with a population of about 400 consisting of forty families (Kajeroan) who live in the three villages of Cibeo, Cikertawana, and Cikeusik in Tanah Larangan (forbidden territory), where no stranger is permitted to spend the night. [19]
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An idea of spiritual beauty emerged during the classical period, [27] beauty was something embodying divine goodness, while the demonstration of behaviour which might be classified as beautiful, from an inner state of morality which is aligned to the good. [38] The writing of Xenophon shows a conversation between Socrates and Aristippus.
The first part of The Sense of Beauty is devoted to the development of a definition of beauty. Santayana rejects the previous notion of beauty as ″the symbol of divine perfection″ and instead builds his theory of beauty on a re-definition of aesthetics being concerned with ″the perception of values″ (§1).
[6] [7] Venus was a Roman goddess principally associated with love, beauty and fertility. Despite the terms femininity and masculinity being in common usage, there is little scientific agreement about what femininity and masculinity are. [3]: 5 Among scholars, the concept of femininity has varying meanings. [8]
Skin color contrast has been identified as a feminine beauty standard observed across multiple cultures. [7] Women tend to have darker eyes and lips than men, especially relative to the rest of their facial features, and this attribute has been associated with female attractiveness and femininity, [7] yet it also decreases male attractiveness according to one study. [8]
The challenge to the assumption that beauty was central to art and aesthetics, thought to be original, is actually continuous with older aesthetic theory; Aristotle was the first in the Western tradition to classify "beauty" into types as in his theory of drama, and Kant made a distinction between beauty and the sublime.
In developed western societies, women tend to be judged for their physical appearance over their other qualities and the pressure to engage in beauty work is much higher for women than men. Beauty work is defined as various beauty "practices individuals perform on themselves or others to elicit certain benefits from a specific social hierarchy."