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King Louis XIV of France, often considered by historians as an archetype of absolutism. Absolutism or the Age of Absolutism (c. 1610 – c. 1789) is a historiographical term used to describe a form of monarchical power that is unrestrained by all other institutions, such as churches, legislatures, or social elites. [1]
Absolutism (European history), period c. 1610 – c. 1789 in Europe Enlightened absolutism, influenced by the Enlightenment (18th- and early 19th-century Europe); Absolute monarchy, in which a monarch rules free of laws or legally organized opposition
Enlightened absolutists held that royal power emanated not from divine right but from a social contract whereby a despot was entrusted with the power to govern through a social contract in lieu of any other governments. The monarchs of enlightened absolutism strengthened their authority by improving the lives of their subjects.
The 16th century was strongly influenced by religious conflicts [1] that developed out of the Reformation.France's precarious position created ideal conditions for the formation and justification of absolute monarchy.
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The foreword outlines the goals and approach of a comparative study on the Absolutist State across Europe. It aims to bridge the divide between broad theoretical models and specific historical case studies by analyzing both the general structural features of Absolutism as well as the diverse manifestations found in different European monarchies.
Historian J. P. Sommerville stresses the theory was polemic: "Absolutists magnified royal power. They did this to protect the state against anarchy and to refute the ideas of resistance theorists", those being in Britain Catholic and Presbyterian theorists. [1]