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Linguistics is the scientific study of language. [1] [2] [3] The areas of linguistic analysis are syntax (rules governing the structure of sentences), semantics (meaning), morphology (structure of words), phonetics (speech sounds and equivalent gestures in sign languages), phonology (the abstract sound system of a particular language, and analogous systems of sign languages), and pragmatics ...
Most disciplines are broken down into (potentially overlapping) branches called sub-disciplines. There is no consensus on how some academic disciplines should be classified (e.g., whether anthropology and linguistics are disciplines of social sciences or fields within the humanities). More generally, the proper criteria for organizing knowledge ...
Linguistics can be described as an academic discipline and, at least in its theoretical subfields, as a field of science, [1] being a widely recognized category of specialized expertise, embodying its own terminology, nomenclature, and scientific journals. Many linguists, such as David Crystal, conceptualize the field as being primarily scientific.
Applied linguistics is an interdisciplinary field which identifies, investigates, and offers solutions to language-related real-life problems. Some of the academic fields related to applied linguistics are education, psychology, communication research, information science, natural language processing, anthropology, and sociology.
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Phonology, the systematic use of sound to encode meaning in any spoken human language (natural language or constructed language); Morphology, the structure of meaningful units of a language, such as words and affixes; Lexicology, the study of words; Syntax, the principles and rules for constructing phrases, clauses, and the like in human languages;
Language preservation; List of language subsystems; Language survey; List of languages in the Eurovision Song Contest; Laudative; LGBTQ linguistics; Lexicon; Lingua Libre; Linguistic categories; Linguistic demography; Linguistic description; Linguistic ecology; Linguistic Linked Open Data; Linguistic monogenesis and polygenesis; Linguistic norm ...
A discipline may have branches, which are often called sub-disciplines. The following outline provides an overview of and topical guide to academic disciplines. In each case, an entry at the highest level of the hierarchy (e.g., Humanities) is a group of broadly similar disciplines; an entry at the next highest level (e.g., Music) is a ...