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The division of Union and Confederate states during the American Civil War, which lasted from 1861 to 1865. In the context of the American Civil War, the Union, or the United States, is sometimes referred to as "the North", both then and now, as opposed to the Confederacy, which was often called "the South".
The successful 1863 Union siege of Vicksburg split the Confederacy in two at the Mississippi River, while Confederate general Robert E. Lee's incursion north failed at the Battle of Gettysburg. Western successes led to General Ulysses S. Grant 's command of all Union armies in 1864.
Eleven Southern slave states declared their secession from the United States and formed the Confederate States of America, also known as "the Confederacy." Led by Jefferson Davis , the Confederacy fought against the United States (the Union ), which was supported by all the free states (where slavery had been abolished) and by five slave states ...
The main prewar agricultural products of the Confederate States were cotton, tobacco, and sugarcane, with hogs, cattle, grain and vegetable plots. Pre-war agricultural production estimated for the Southern states is as follows (Union states in parentheses for comparison): 1.7 million horses (3.4 million), 800,000 mules (100,000), 2.7 million dairy cows (5 million), 5 million sheep (14 million ...
The Union forces frequently named battles for bodies of water that were prominent on or near the battlefield, but Confederates most often used the name of the nearest town. (Also, in general, the Union practice was to name their armies for river valleys where they initially operated, while the Confederacy generally used state names.)
To change this template's initial visibility, the |state= parameter may be used: {{Confederate States political divisions | state = collapsed}} will show the template collapsed, i.e. hidden apart from its title bar. {{Confederate States political divisions | state = expanded}} will show the template expanded, i.e. fully visible.
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The Confederacy took an interest in the territory, seeking a possible source of food in the event of a Union blockade, a connection to western territories, and a buffer between Texas and the Union-held Kansas. At the onset of war, Confederate forces took possession of the U.S. army forts in the area.