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In organic chemistry, the Schmidt reaction is an organic reaction in which an azide reacts with a carbonyl derivative, usually an aldehyde, ketone, or carboxylic acid, under acidic conditions to give an amine or amide, with expulsion of nitrogen.
The reaction of a substituted amide with phosphorus oxychloride gives a substituted chloroiminium ion (2), also called the Vilsmeier reagent. The initial product is an iminium ion (4b), which is hydrolyzed to the corresponding ketone or aldehyde during workup. [7] The Vilsmeier–Haack reaction
The Stobbe condensation entails the reaction of an aldehyde or ketone with an ester of succinic acid to generate alkylidene succinic acid or related derivatives. [1] The reaction consumes one equivalent of metal alkoxide. Commonly, diethylsuccinate is a component of the reaction. The usual product is salt of the half-ester.
The Baeyer–Villiger oxidation is an organic reaction that forms an ester from a ketone or a lactone from a cyclic ketone, using peroxyacids or peroxides as the oxidant. [1] The reaction is named after Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger who first reported the reaction in 1899. [1] Baeyer-Villiger oxidation
An aldol condensation is a condensation reaction in organic chemistry in which two carbonyl moieties (of aldehydes or ketones) react to form a β-hydroxyaldehyde or β-hydroxyketone (an aldol reaction), and this is then followed by dehydration to give a conjugated enone. The overall reaction equation is as follows (where the Rs can be H)
[4] [5] The reaction has since been extended to the synthesis of β-keto esters from the condensation between aldehydes and diazo esters. [6] The general reaction scheme is as follows: General Scheme for Buchner Reaction. The reaction yields two possible carbonyl compounds (I and II) along with an epoxide (III). The ratio of the products is ...
The Norrish type I reaction is the photochemical cleavage or homolysis of aldehydes and ketones into two free radical intermediates (α-scission). The carbonyl group accepts a photon and is excited to a photochemical singlet state. Through intersystem crossing the triplet state can be obtained.
This guideline applies to amino aldehydes, amino-ketones, and amino-esters; indeed a molecule cannot carry simultaneously (unprotected) aldehyde and amine groups. Aminoacetone, the simplest amino ketone, cannot be isolated as a liquid or solid, [3] and 2-aminobenzaldehyde oligomerizes in solution or in the melt. [4]