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  2. Exponentiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exponentiation

    For example, 3 5 = 3 · 3 · 3 · 3 · 3 = 243. The base 3 appears 5 times in the multiplication, because the exponent is 5. Here, 243 is the 5th power of 3, or 3 raised to the 5th power. The word "raised" is usually omitted, and sometimes "power" as well, so 3 5 can be simply read "3 to the 5th", or "3 to the 5".

  3. Tetration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetration

    The term superexponentiation was published by Bromer in his paper Superexponentiation in 1987. [3] It was used earlier by Ed Nelson in his book Predicative Arithmetic, Princeton University Press, 1986. The term hyperpower [4] is a natural combination of hyper and power, which aptly describes tetration.

  4. Continued fraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continued_fraction

    A finite regular continued fraction, where is a non-negative integer, is an integer, and is a positive integer, for . A continued fraction is a mathematical expression that can be writen as a fraction with a denominator that is a sum that contains another simple or continued fraction. Depending on whether this iteration terminates with a simple ...

  5. Logarithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logarithm

    e. In mathematics, the logarithm to base b is the inverse function of exponentiation with base b. That means that the logarithm of a number x to the base b is the exponent to which b must be raised to produce x. For example, since 1000 = 103, the logarithm base of 1000 is 3, or log10 (1000) = 3.

  6. Fractional calculus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_calculus

    t. e. Fractional calculus is a branch of mathematical analysis that studies the several different possibilities of defining real number powers or complex number powers of the differentiation operator. and of the integration operator [Note 1] and developing a calculus for such operators generalizing the classical one.

  7. Leibniz formula for π - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leibniz_formula_for_π

    In mathematics, the Leibniz formula for π, named after Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, states that = + + = = +,. an alternating series.. It is sometimes called the Madhava–Leibniz series as it was first discovered by the Indian mathematician Madhava of Sangamagrama or his followers in the 14th–15th century (see Madhava series), [1] and was later independently rediscovered by James Gregory in ...

  8. Fifth power (algebra) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fifth_power_(algebra)

    Fifth power (algebra) In arithmetic and algebra, the fifth power or sursolid[1] of a number n is the result of multiplying five instances of n together: n5 = n × n × n × n × n. Fifth powers are also formed by multiplying a number by its fourth power, or the square of a number by its cube. The sequence of fifth powers of integers is:

  9. Pi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pi

    t. e. The number π (/ paɪ /; spelled out as " pi ") is a mathematical constant that is the ratio of a circle 's circumference to its diameter, approximately equal to 3.14159. The number π appears in many formulae across mathematics and physics.