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Brown bear range map. Brown bears (Ursus arctos) were once native to Europe, much of Asia, the Atlas Mountains of Africa, and North America, [1] but are now extirpated in some areas, and their populations have greatly decreased in other areas. There are approximately 200,000 brown bears left in the world. [2]
The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians (/ k ɑːr ˈ p eɪ θ i ən z /) are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe and Southeast Europe. Roughly 1,500 km (930 mi) long, it is the third-longest European mountain range after the Urals at 2,500 km (1,600 mi) and the Scandinavian Mountains at 1,700 km (1,100 mi).
Brown bears are polygynandrous, remaining with the same mate for a couple of days to a couple of weeks and mating multiply during the mating season. Outside of this narrow time frame, adult male and female brown bears show no sexual interest in each other. [33] [96] Females mature sexually between the ages of four and eight. [97]
The Atlas bear was the only bear species ever to be native to Africa. The last surviving Atlas bear is thought to have been killed by hunters in 1890. [26] [27] †Ursus arctos priscus – Steppe brown bear (extinct) Eurasia: The steppe brown bear was an extinct prehistoric brown bear subspecies that lived in places like Slovakia.
It is also called the European brown bear, common brown bear, common bear, and colloquially by many other names. The genetic diversity of present-day brown bears ( Ursus arctos ) has been extensively studied over the years and appears to be geographically structured into five main clades based upon analysis of the mtDNA .
The most widespread species is the brown bear, which occurs from Western Europe eastwards through Asia to the western areas of North America. The American black bear is restricted to North America, and the polar bear is restricted to the Arctic Ocean. All the remaining species of bear are Asian. [58]
The Apennine Mountains provide habitat to Marsican brown bear and the Italian wolf. The Carpathian Mountains are a range of mountains forming an arc of roughly 1,500 km across Central and Eastern Europe and are inhabited by the largest populations in Europe of brown bears, wolves and lynxes, as well as chamois and other animals.
Mountainous areas are characterized by three zones: lower slopes contain mixed forests, higher elevations contain pine forests, and the highest altitudes contain alpine meadows. In the Carpathian Mountains, beech, oak, and spruce are the main trees, while in the Crimean Mountains, beech and oak form the largest numbers. [9]