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A cognitive distortion is a thought that causes a person to perceive reality inaccurately due to being exaggerated or irrational.Cognitive distortions are involved in the onset or perpetuation of psychopathological states, such as depression and anxiety.
Such thoughts are universal among humans, and have "almost certainly always been a part of the human condition." [10] When intrusive thoughts occur with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), patients are less able to ignore the unpleasant thoughts and may pay undue attention to them, causing the thoughts to become more frequent and distressing. [7]
“Intrusive thoughts can be about day-to-day stress, result from low self-esteem, feeling like an imposter in a work setting, having a fight with a friend,” says Abrams.
Overburden is also used for all soil and ancillary material above the bedrock horizon in a given area.. By analogy, overburden is also used to describe the soil and other material that lies above a specific geologic feature, such as a buried astrobleme, or above an unexcavated site of archeological interest.
It is also thought to be a cause of memory inhibition, as shown by research using the think/no think paradigm. [4] Thought suppression is relevant to both mental and behavioral levels, possibly leading to ironic effects that are contrary to intention. Ironic process theory [5] is one cognitive model that can explain the paradoxical effect.
Splitting – "the division of external objects into 'all good' or 'all bad ' " [65] – begins to be resolved when the self and the other can be seen as possessing both good and bad qualities. Having hateful thoughts about the other does not mean that the self is all hateful and does not mean that the other person is all hateful either.
Compartmentalization is a form of psychological defense mechanism in which thoughts and feelings that seem to conflict are kept separated or isolated from each other in the mind. [1] Those with post traumatic stress disorder may use compartmentalization to separate positive and negative self aspects. [ 2 ]
The definition of perseverative cognition is: "the repeated or chronic activation of the cognitive representation of one or more psychological stressors". [ 2 ] [ 8 ] Worry , rumination and all other forms of thoughts ( cognition ), about stressful events that have happened or might happen, fall under the definition of perseverative cognition.