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Land subsidence in Jakarta is mainly caused by the overuse of groundwater. [47] At the same time, the groundwater has lost its capacity to recharge due to the lack of watershed areas and overpopulation in the capital. Without any groundwater regulation in place, buildings in Jakarta are drawing water from the ground at an unprecedented rate.
Drivers, processes, and impacts of sinking cities [1]. Sinking cities are urban environments that are in danger of disappearing due to their rapidly changing landscapes.The largest contributors to these cities becoming unlivable are the combined effects of climate change (manifested through sea level rise, intensifying storms, and storm surge), land subsidence, and accelerated urbanization. [2]
The northern coast of Jakarta is planned to undergo land reclamation. The area to be reclaimed will cover 17 islands. Two developers who had already received permits during the administration of Governor Fauzi Bowo are PT Muara Wisesa Samudera, a subsidiary of Agung Podomoro Group, and PT Kapuk Naga Indah, a subsidiary of Agung Sedayu Group.
Subsidence frequently causes major problems in karst terrains, where dissolution of limestone by fluid flow in the subsurface creates voids (i.e., caves).If the roof of a void becomes too weak, it can collapse and the overlying rock and earth will fall into the space, causing subsidence at the surface.
Groundwater overexploitation occurs in heavily populated coastal areas of Java, including in Jakarta and Semarang. In Jakarta, it has caused seawater intrusion up to 10 km (6.2 mi) from the coast and land subsidence at a rate of 2–34 cm/year in east Jakarta. [7] In Semarang, land subsidence occurs at a rate of 9 cm/year. [8]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 5 March 2025. Capital and largest city of Indonesia For other uses, see Jakarta (disambiguation). Special capital region in Java, Indonesia Jakarta Special capital region Special Capital Region of Jakarta Daerah Khusus Ibukota Jakarta Golden Triangle of Jakarta Bundaran HI Merdeka Palace National Museum ...
Groundwater-related subsidence is the subsidence (or the sinking) of land resulting from unsustainable groundwater extraction. It is a growing problem in the developing world as cities increase in population and water use, without adequate pumping regulation and enforcement.
The flood affected 80 separate regions in and around Jakarta, and over 70,000 homes were flooded, resulting in the displacement of some 500,000 people. [7] [8] There was a high level of illness, with 1,066 patients treated by hospitals due to diarrhea and 329 due to dengue fever. [7] The flood has caused Rp 8 trillion (US$879.12 million) in ...