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  2. Claustrophobia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Claustrophobia

    One study indicates that anywhere from five to ten percent of the world population is affected by severe claustrophobia, but only a small percentage of these people receive some kind of treatment for the disorder. The term claustrophobia comes from Latin claustrum "a shut in place" and Greek φόβος, phóbos, "fear".

  3. Substance-related disorder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substance-related_disorder

    Number with a drug use disorders by substance, OWID. Substance-related disorders, also known as substance use disorders, are a type of mental disorder that affects a person's brain and behavior, leading to their inability to control their use of substances like legal or illegal drugs, alcohol, or medications.

  4. Addiction psychology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addiction_psychology

    Addiction can cause physical, emotional and psychological harm to those affected by it. [1] The American Society of Addiction Medicine defines addiction as "a treatable, chronic medical disease involving complex interactions among brain circuits , genetics, the environment, and an individual's life experiences.

  5. Alcohol withdrawal syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_withdrawal_syndrome

    The typical treatment of alcohol withdrawal is with benzodiazepines such as chlordiazepoxide or diazepam. [2] Often the amounts given are based on a person's symptoms. [2] Thiamine is recommended routinely. [2] Electrolyte problems and low blood sugar should also be treated. [2] Early treatment improves outcomes. [2]

  6. Addiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addiction

    To be effective, treatment for addiction that is pharmacological or biologically based need to be accompanied by other interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT);individual and group psychotherapy, behavior modification strategies, twelve-step programs, and residential treatment facilities.

  7. Amotivational syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amotivational_syndrome

    Amotivational syndrome is a chronic psychiatric disorder characterized by signs that are linked to cognitive and emotional states such as detachment, blunted emotion and drives, executive functions like memory and attention, [1] disinterest, passivity, apathy, and a general lack of motivation.

  8. Toxic gases and claustrophobia: The challenges facing ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/news/toxic-gases-claustrophobia...

    The knock-on psychological effects of the situation could include a growing sense of claustrophobia, leading to increased heart rates, light-headedness, nausea and panic attacks, which could cause ...

  9. Personality theories of addiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_theories_of...

    [22] [23] [24] Thus, strong emotional responses that addicted individuals show in response to substances or behaviours might be results of enhanced sensitivity to their effects. Individuals differ in the way by which they metabolize substances, such as alcohol ; these positive reinforcing effects are partly predetermined. [ 1 ]