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Pancasila economics ( Indonesian: Ekonomi Pancasila ), also known as " Indonesian populist economics " ( Indonesian: Ekonomi kerakyatan Indonesia ), is an economic system which aims to reflect the five principles of Pancasila. [1] The term "Pancasila economy" first appeared in an article by Emil Salim in 1967. [2]
Horizontal and vertical market. The medicine industry is an example of a vertical market. A vertical market is a market in which vendors offer goods and services specific to an industry, trade, profession, or other group of customers with specialized needs. A horizontal market is a market in which a product or service meets the needs of a wide ...
Marketing. Horizontal integration is the process of a company increasing production of goods or services at the same level of the value chain, in the same industry. A company may do this via internal expansion or through mergers and acquisitions. [ 1][ 2][ 3] The process can lead to monopoly if a company captures the vast majority of the market ...
Title page of Lucubrationes, 1541 edition, one of the first books to use a variant of the word encyclopedia in the title. An encyclopedia ( American English) or encyclopaedia ( British English) [ 1] is a reference work or compendium providing summaries of knowledge, either general or special, in a particular field or discipline. [ 2][ 3 ...
Market research is an organized effort to gather information about target markets and customers. It involves understanding who they are and what they need. [ 1] It is an important component of business strategy [ 2] and a major factor in maintaining competitiveness. Market research helps to identify and analyze the needs of the market, the ...
Arms control is a term for international restrictions upon the development, production, stockpiling, proliferation and usage of small arms, conventional weapons, and weapons of mass destruction. [ 1] Historically, arms control may apply to melee weapons (such as swords) before the invention of firearm. Arms control is typically exercised ...
Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 February 1564 – 8 January 1642), commonly referred to as Galileo Galilei ( / ˌɡælɪˈleɪoʊ ˌɡælɪˈleɪ /, US also / ˌɡælɪˈliːoʊ -/, Italian: [ɡaliˈlɛːo ɡaliˈlɛːi] ), was a Florentine astronomer, physicist and engineer, sometimes described as a polymath.
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO) is a Eurasian political, economic, international security and defence organization established by China and Russia in 2001. It is the world's largest regional organization in terms of geographic scope and population, covering approximately 80% of the area of Eurasia [3] and 40% of the world population.