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Simplified transimpedance amplifier. In electronics, a transimpedance amplifier ( TIA) is a current to voltage converter, almost exclusively implemented with one or more operational amplifiers. The TIA can be used to amplify [1] the current output of Geiger–Müller tubes, photo multiplier tubes, accelerometers, photo detectors and other types ...
A buck converter or step-down converter is a DC-to-DC converter which decreases voltage, while increasing current, from its input to its output . It is a class of switched-mode power supply . Switching converters (such as buck converters) provide much greater power efficiency as DC-to-DC converters than linear regulators , which are simpler ...
A boost converter or step-up converter is a DC-to-DC converter that increases voltage, while decreasing current, from its input ( supply) to its output ( load ). It is a class of switched-mode power supply (SMPS) containing at least two semiconductors, a diode and a transistor, and at least one energy storage element: a capacitor, inductor, or ...
The volt-ampere ( SI symbol: VA, [ 1] sometimes V⋅A or V A) is the unit of measurement for apparent power in an electrical circuit. It is the product of the root mean square voltage (in volts) and the root mean square current (in amperes ). [ 2] Volt-amperes are usually used for analyzing alternating current (AC) circuits.
Power supply rejection ratio. In electronic systems, power supply rejection ratio ( PSRR ), also supply-voltage rejection ratio [1] ( kSVR; SVR ), is a term widely used to describe the capability of an electronic circuit to suppress any power supply variations to its output signal. In the specifications of operational amplifiers, the PSRR is ...
Voltage multiplier. Villard cascade voltage multiplier. A voltage multiplier is an electrical circuit that converts AC electrical power from a lower voltage to a higher DC voltage, typically using a network of capacitors and diodes . Voltage multipliers can be used to generate a few volts for electronic appliances, to millions of volts for ...
The switch is typically a MOSFET, IGBT, or BJT. The buck–boost converter is a type of DC-to-DC converter that has an output voltage magnitude that is either greater than or less than the input voltage magnitude. It is equivalent to a flyback converter using a single inductor instead of a transformer. [1] Two different topologies are called ...
The negative impedance converter ( NIC) is an active circuit which injects energy into circuits in contrast to an ordinary load that consumes energy from them. This is achieved by adding or subtracting excessive varying voltage in series to the voltage drop across an equivalent positive impedance. This reverses the voltage polarity or the ...