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However, the cerebral cortex, which is the major center of cognition, has only about one-third of the number of neurons as a human's cerebral cortex. [5] While elephant brains look similar to those of humans and other mammals and has the same functional areas, there are certain unique structural differences. [6]
The human brain contains 86 billion neurons, with 16 billion neurons in the cerebral cortex. [ 2 ] [ 1 ] Neuron counts constitute an important source of insight on the topic of neuroscience and intelligence : the question of how the evolution of a set of components and parameters (~10 11 neurons, ~10 14 synapses) of a complex system leads to ...
Elephant brains are structured similarly to human brains, which means they are capable of a wide variety of intellectual abilities, including memory, grief, mimicry, art, playing, using tools ...
The brain of an elephant weighs 4.5–5.5 kg (10–12 lb) compared to 1.6 kg (4 lb) for a human brain. [77] It is the largest of all terrestrial mammals. [78] While the elephant brain is larger overall, it is proportionally smaller than the human brain. At birth, an elephant's brain already weighs 30–40% of its adult weight.
Brain of a human (left), compared to that of a black rhinoceros (center) and a common dolphin (right). Elephant brains also show a complexity similar to dolphin brains, and are also more convoluted than that of humans, [25] and with a cortex thicker than that of cetaceans. [26]
Von Economo neurons are relatively large cells that may allow rapid communication across the relatively large brains of great apes, elephants, and cetaceans.Although rare in comparison to other neurons, von Economo neurons are abundant, and comparatively large, in humans; they are however three times as abundant in cetaceans.
Skeleton of Jumbo, a young African bush elephant bull, compared to a human. The African bush elephant is the largest terrestrial animal. Under optimal conditions where individuals are capable of reaching full growth potential, mature fully grown females are 2.47–2.73 m (8 ft 1 in – 8 ft 11 in) tall at the shoulder and weigh 2,600–3,500 kg ...
Brain size usually increases with body size in animals (i.e. large animals usually have larger brains than smaller animals); [4] the relationship is not, however, linear. Small mammals such as mice may have a brain/body ratio similar to humans, while elephants have a comparatively lower brain/body ratio. [4] [5]