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An alternative fuel vehicle is a motor vehicle that runs on alternative fuel rather than traditional petroleum fuels ( petrol or petrodiesel ). The term also refers to any technology (e.g. electric cars, hybrid electric vehicles, solar-powered vehicles) powering an engine that does not solely involve petroleum. [citation needed]
Bi-fuel vehicles are vehicles with multifuel engines capable of running on two fuels. The two fuels are stored in separate tanks and the engine runs on one fuel at a time. On internal combustion engines, a bi-fuel engine typically burns gasoline and a volatile alternate fuel such as natural gas (CNG), LPG, or hydrogen. [ 1]
Autogas or LPG is liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) used as a fuel in internal combustion engines in vehicles as well as in stationary applications such as generators. It is a mixture of propane and butane . Autogas is widely used as a "green" fuel, as its use reduces CO 2 exhaust emissions by around 15% compared to petrol. [ 1]
Methanol may be made from fossil fuels or renewable resources, in particular natural gas and coal, or biomass respectively. In the case of the latter, it can be synthesized from CO 2 ( carbon dioxide) and hydrogen. [ 3] The vast majority of methanol produced globally is currently made with gas and coal. [ 4]
A Natural Gas Vehicle (NGV) utilizes compressed natural gas (CNG) or liquefied natural gas (LNG) as an alternative fuel source. Distinguished from autogas vehicles fueled by liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), NGV's rely on methane combustion, resulting in cleaner emissions due to the removal of contaminants from the natural gas source.
A fuel cell vehicle ( FCV) or fuel cell electric vehicle ( FCEV) is an electric vehicle that uses a fuel cell, sometimes in combination with a small battery or supercapacitor, to power its onboard electric motor. Fuel cells in vehicles generate electricity generally using oxygen from the air and compressed hydrogen.
Alternative fuels, also known as non-conventional and advanced fuels, [ 1] are fuels derived from sources other than petroleum. [ 2] Alternative fuels include gaseous fossil fuels like propane, natural gas, methane, and ammonia; biofuels like biodiesel, bioalcohol, and refuse-derived fuel; and other renewable fuels like hydrogen and electricity.
As of 2017, there were more than 21 million E85 flex-fuel vehicles in the United States, [ 1] up from about 11 million flex-fuel cars and light trucks in operation as of early 2013. [ 20][ 21] The number of flex-fuel vehicles on U.S roads increased from 1.4 million in 2001, to 4.1 million in 2005, and rose to 7.3 million in 2008. [ 3][ 19] E85 ...