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In Romania, Communist Party leader and President Nicolae Ceaușescu even had the same title, Conducător (Romanian for leader), as earlier dictator Marshal Ion Antonescu. U.S.-backed Indonesian president Suharto was awarded the title of "Father of Development" by the Golkar and Armed Forces-controlled Parliament in 1983.
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 2 February 2025. President of Uganda from 1971 to 1979 Field Marshal Idi Amin Amin shortly before addressing the United Nations General Assembly in 1975 3rd President of Uganda In office 25 January 1971 – 11 April 1979 Vice President Mustafa Adrisi Preceded by Milton Obote Succeeded by Yusuf Lule ...
The trial by jury of a former head of state was unprecedented in the history of post-colonial Africa, where former dictators had previously been tried and executed following show trials. [59] In another regional innovation, access to the trial was granted to the public; this meant that the courtroom was constantly filled with standing-room-only ...
Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu wa za Banga [a] (/ m ə ˈ b uː t uː ˈ s ɛ s eɪ ˈ s ɛ k oʊ / ⓘ mə-BOO-too SESS-ay SEK-oh; born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu; 14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997), often shortened to Mobutu Sese Seko or Mobutu and also known by his initials MSS, was a Congolese politician and military officer who was the first and only president of Zaire from 1971 to 1997.
During his presidency, his country was nicknamed the "Dachau of Africa", after the Nazi concentration camp, [6] with condemnations of his government issued by the International Commission of Jurists, [88] World Council of Churches, [89] the UN, [28] the Organisation of African Unity, [90] [91] Amnesty International, [92] [93] and the European ...
In turn, South Africa tried to destabilise Zimbabwe by blocking trade routes into the country and supporting anti-Mugabe militants among the country's white minority. [201] Mugabe in the Netherlands, 1982. In December 1981, a bomb struck ZANU–PF headquarters, killing seven and injuring 124. [202] Mugabe blamed South African-backed white ...
Few dared question Gambia's former dictator, Yahya Jammeh, when he outlawed female genital mutilation (FGM) over a decade later, in 2015, saying it was not required by Islam, the country's majority
His full title was "Emperor of Central Africa by the will of the Central African people, united within the national political party, the MESAN." Shortly after the proclamation of the empire, Bokassa, who had adopted Islam and changed his name to Salah Eddine Ahmed Bokassa during a September 1976 visit by Gaddafi, converted back to Catholicism. [9]