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Disease is described as a decrease in performance of normal functions of an individual caused by many factors, which is not limited to infectious agents. [1] Furthermore, wildlife disease is a disease when one of the hosts includes a wildlife species. In many cases, wildlife hosts can act as a reservoir of diseases that spillover into domestic ...
Disease ecology is a sub-discipline of ecology concerned with the mechanisms, patterns, and effects of host-pathogen interactions, particularly those of infectious diseases. [1] For example, it examines how parasites spread through and influence wildlife populations and communities.
Forest pathology is the research of both biotic and abiotic maladies affecting the health of a forest ecosystem, primarily fungal pathogens and their insect vectors. [1] [2] It is a subfield of forestry and plant pathology.
The term "ecosystem management" has been in use at least since the 1950s. [11] The term "ecosystem health" has become widespread in the ecological literature, as a general metaphor meaning something good, [12] and as an environmental quality goal in field assessments of rivers, [13] lakes, [14] seas, [15] and forests. [16]
Its main objectives are to support conservation, resource use, and management decisions by evaluating all the world's ecosystems by 2025. The Red List of Ecosystem was developed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), the same entity that created the Red List of Threatened Species, a global framework to monitor the level ...
Wild animals can experience injury from a variety of causes such as predation; intraspecific competition; accidents, which can cause fractures, crushing injuries, eye injuries and wing tears; self-amputation; molting, a common source of injury for arthropods; extreme weather conditions, such as storms, extreme heat or cold weather; and natural disasters.
Articles about diseases and disorders which affect animals also. Pages in this category should be moved to subcategories where applicable. This category may require frequent maintenance to avoid becoming too large.
The diversity of species and genes in ecological communities affects the functioning of these communities. These ecological effects of biodiversity in turn are affected by both climate change through enhanced greenhouse gases, aerosols and loss of land cover [citation needed], and biological diversity, causing a rapid loss of biodiversity and extinctions of species and local populations.