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Viparita Virabhadrasana, Reverse Warrior Pose (Sanskrit विपरीत viparīta, "reversed" [19] [20]), is a variant of Virabhadrasana II, with the upper body and forward arm tilted backwards. The lower arm may be stretched down the rear leg, or it may reach round the back to the opposite hip.
A single asana is listed for each main pose, whether or not there are variations. Thus for Sirsasana (Yoga headstand), only one pose is illustrated, although the pose can be varied by moving the legs apart sideways or front-and-back, by lowering one leg to the floor, by folding the legs into lotus posture, by turning the hips to one side, by placing the hands differently on the ground, and so on.
Viparita Virabhadrasana (Reversed Warrior Pose) is still more recent, and may have been created after 2000. [69] Several poses that are now commonly practised, such as Dog Pose and standing asanas including Trikonasana (triangle pose), first appeared in the 20th century, [ 70 ] as did the sequence of asanas, Surya Namaskar (Salute to the Sun).
The pose is one of the few that may be performed straight after eating. [5] Virasana places the knees at risk of injury if hip extension and rotation are inadequate, in which case the pose requires support under the buttocks to allow the hips to extend. The pose should be avoided if there is any existing knee injury. [8] [9] [10]
The name comes from the Sanskrit words अर्ध ardha meaning "half", चन्द्र chandra meaning "moon", and आसन āsana meaning "posture" or "seat". [3]The 19th century Sritattvanidhi uses the name Ardha Chandrasana for a different pose, Vrikshasana. [4]
Bharadvajasana II. Bharadvājāsana is a seated spinal twist. Bharadvajasana I is the basic form, with the legs as in Virasana (hero pose), one foot on the floor and the other ankle cradled in the arch of the foot below. [7] Baddha Konasana and Marichyasana can be used to prepare for Bharadvajasana. [8]
[1] [2] Naginata were originally used by the samurai class of feudal Japan, as well as by ashigaru (foot soldiers) and sōhei (warrior monks). [3] The naginata is the iconic weapon of the onna-musha, a type of female warrior belonging to the Japanese nobility. A common misconception is that the Naginata is a type of sword, rather than a polearm.
Ustrasana is a deep backward bend from a kneeling position; the completed pose has the hands on the heels. [7] The backs of the feet may be flat on the floor, or the toes may be tucked under for a slightly less strong backbend. [8] The pose is one of the 26 asanas in the Bikram Yoga sequence. [9]