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Weld mapping is the process of assigning information to a weld repair or joint to enable easy identification of weld processes, production (welders, their qualifications, date welded), quality (visual inspection, NDT, standards and specifications) and traceability (tracking weld joints and welded castings, the origin of weld materials).
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) similarly defines a WPS as a written document that provides direction to the welder or welding operator for making production welds in accordance with Code requirements. [2] ASME also defines welding PQR as a record of variables recorded during the welding of the test coupon. The record also ...
Welding - Welding of reinforcing steel - Part 1: Load-bearing welded joints ISO 17660-2: Welding - Welding of reinforcing steel - Part 1: Non-load bearing welded joints ISO/TR 20172: Welding — Grouping systems for materials — European materials ISO/TR 20173: Welding — Grouping systems for materials — American materials ISO/TR 20174
X-ray welding is an experimental welding process that uses a high powered X-ray source to provide thermal energy required to weld materials. [1] The phrase "X-ray welding" also has an older, unrelated usage in quality control. In this context, an X-ray welder is a tradesman who consistently welds at such a high proficiency that he rarely ...
In the case of high stress or safety critical welds, weld monitoring will be employed to confirm the specified welding parameters (arc current, arc voltage, travel speed, heat input etc.) are being adhered to those stated in the welding procedure. This verifies the weld as correct to procedure prior to nondestructive evaluation and metallurgy ...
Industrial Radiography uses either X-rays, produced with X-ray generators, or gamma rays generated by the natural radioactivity of sealed radionuclide sources. Neutrons can also be used. After crossing the specimen, photons are captured by a detector, such as a silver halide film, a phosphor plate, flat panel detector or CdTe detector.
The weld structure can be examined by optical microscopy [3] [4] [5] and scanning electron microscopy. [ 6 ] [ 4 ] [ 5 ] [ 3 ] The computer finite element method (FEM) is used to predict the shape of the flash and interface and others, not only for rotary friction welding (RFW), [ 7 ] but also for friction stir welding (FSW), [ 8 ] [ 9 ] linear ...
With the advancement of image processing software the number applications for automated x-ray inspection is huge and constantly growing. The first applications started off in industries where the safety aspect of components demanded a careful inspection of each part produced (e.g. welding seams for metal parts in nuclear power stations) because the technology was expectedly very expensive in ...