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In physical geography, a fjord (also spelled fiord in New Zealand English; / ˈ f j ɔːr d, f iː ˈ ɔːr d / ⓘ [1]) is a long, narrow sea inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by a glacier. [2] Fjords exist on the coasts of Antarctica, the Arctic, and surrounding landmasses of the northern and southern hemispheres. [3]
The Hudson River fjord in New York is recognized as the only true Fjord in the eastern coast of the United States [1] [2] Somes Sound, a fjard located within Acadia National Park, is often mistaken for being another fjord located along the eastern coast of the United States. [3] [4]
It contains over 20,000 miles (32,000 km) of coastline extending along the continental shelf from Glacier Bay to Queen Charlotte Sound, and extends 200 miles into the Pacific Ocean. It borders the Gulf of Alaska to the north, the Salish Sea to the southeast, and the Oregon, Washington, Vancouver coast and shelf to the south.
A fjord can have two or more basins separated by sills. The bowls can have a depth of 20 to 500 m (66 to 1,640 ft) and the dividing sills can raise up to a few metres below the water surface. Mountainous glaciated areas in Canada are along the British Columbia Coast: from the Alaskan border along the Portland Canal [1] to Indian Arm. [2]
The Geiranger Fjord [1] [2] [3] (Norwegian: Geirangerfjorden) is a fjord in the Sunnmøre region of Møre og Romsdal county, Norway. It is located entirely in the Stranda Municipality . It is a 15-kilometre-long ( 9 + 1 ⁄ 2 mi) branch off the Sunnylvsfjorden , which is a branch off the Storfjorden (Great Fjord).
Name of fjord Length (km/mi) County Municipality Coordinates Adventfjorden: 4 km (2.5 mi) Svalbard: Spitsbergen: Altafjorden: 38 km (24 mi) Finnmark: Alta
Nordvestfjord, meaning 'Northwest Fjord', (Greenlandic: Kangertertivarmît Kangertivat) is a fjord in King Christian X Land, eastern Greenland. [1] Administratively most of its length lies in the Northeast Greenland National Park area, at the border of Sermersooq municipality. This fjord is part of the Scoresby Sound system. [2]
Fjard and fjord were originally the same word, and they generally meant sailable waterway. In Scandinavia , fjords dominate along the North Sea coast while fjards dominate the Baltic Sea coast. Fjards vs. fjords vs. förden vs. rias