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The Mongols, a minority in China, gave foreign immigrants, such as Buddhists, Christians, Muslims and Jews from West Asia an elevated status over locals including Khitan and Jurchens as part of their governing strategy, thus giving Muslims a heavy influence.
Gedimu [note 1] or Qadim is the earliest school of Islam in China. It is a Hanafi non-Sufi school of the Sunni tradition. Its supporters are centered on local mosques, which function as relatively independent units. It is numerically the largest Islamic school of thought in China and most common school of Islam among the Hui.
Uyghurs are the second-largest predominantly Muslim ethnicity in China, after the Hui, and Sunni Islam is an important aspect of Uyghur identity. [39] The Uyghur language has around 10 million speakers and is shared with other minority groups in the region.
The U.S. has estimated that since 2017, the Chinese government has detained more than 1 million Uyghurs and other Muslim minorities in internment camps or detention facilities, according to a 2021 ...
The Karakhanids converted to Islam in the tenth century beginning with Sultan Satuq Bughra Khan, the first Turkic dynasty to do so. [186] Modern Uyghurs see the Muslim Karakhanids as an important part of their history; however, Islamization of the people of the Tarim Basin was a gradual process.
Muslims constitute a minority group in China; according to the latest estimates, they represent between 0.45% and 1.8% of the total population. [ 2 ] [ 15 ] While Hui people are the most numerous subgroup, [ 16 ] the greatest concentration of Muslims is in Xinjiang , which has a significant Uyghur population.
The Chinese government is taking draconian measures to slash birth rates among Uighurs and other minorities as part of a sweeping campaign to curb its Muslim population, even as it encourages some ...
This led to increased contact between Muslim minorities in China and the Muslim-majority countries of the Middle East. By 1939, at least 33 Hui Muslims had studied at the Al-Azhar University in Cairo , Egypt .