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In Christian theology, the incarnation is the belief that the pre-existent divine person of Jesus Christ, God the Son, the second person of the Trinity, and the Logos (Koine Greek for 'word') was "made flesh," [1] "conceived by the Holy Spirit and born of the Virgin Mary," [2] also known as the Theotokos (Greek for "God-bearer" or "Mother of God").
James Dunn, in his book Christology in the Making, [9] examines the development of this doctrine in early Christianity, noting that it is "beyond dispute" [10] that in John 1:1–18, "the Word is pre-existent, and Christ is the pre-existent Word incarnate," [10] but going on to explore possible sources for the concepts expressed there, such as ...
Islam rejects the Trinitarian Christian view that Jesus was God incarnate or the son of God, that he was ever crucified or resurrected or that he ever atoned for the sins of mankind. The Quran says that Jesus himself, when asked by God if he said that people shall regard him and Mary as gods, will deny this. [Quran 5:116]
This is the only time in the four canonical gospels that Jesus is addressed as God. [3] Suetonius records that the Roman emperor Domitian (AD 81–96) wished to be addressed as dominus et deus noster, "our Lord and God", [4] so the statement in this verse 'may on a secondary level be designed to counter Roman emperor worship'. [5]
In the New Testament, the title "Son of God" is applied to Jesus on many occasions, from the Annunciation up to the Crucifixion. [28] The declaration that Jesus is the Son of God is made by many individuals in the New Testament, and on two occasions by God the Father as a voice from Heaven, and is asserted by Jesus himself. [28] [29] [30] [31]
Miaphysitism (/ m aɪ ˈ æ f ɪ s aɪ t ɪ z əm, m iː-/ [1]) is the Christological doctrine that holds Jesus, the Incarnate Word, is fully divine and fully human, in one nature (physis, Greek: φύσεις). [2] It is a position held by the Oriental Orthodox Churches.
There are two issues affecting the translating of the verse, 1) theology and 2) proper application of grammatical rules. The commonly held theology that Jesus is God naturally leads one to believe that the proper way to render the verse is the one which is most popular. [24]
Jesus was visible, and orthodox Christian doctrine maintains that Jesus is YHWH incarnate. In the Gospel of John, Jesus stated that because his disciples had seen him, they had seen God the Father (Gospel of John 14:7-9 [20]). Paul of Tarsus referred to Jesus as the "image of the invisible God" (Colossians 1:15). [21]