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  2. Three-two pull down - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Three-two_pull_down

    In the United States and other countries where television uses the 59.94 Hz vertical scanning frequency, video is broadcast at 29.97 frame/s. For the film's motion to be accurately rendered on the video signal, a telecine must use a technique called the 2:3 pull down (or a variant called 3:2 pull down) to convert from 24 to 29.97 frame/s.

  3. SMPTE timecode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SMPTE_timecode

    With a 30 Hz frame rate the line scan frequency is (30 × 525) = 15750 Hz. So the subcarrier frequency would have been ⁠ 495 / 2 ⁠ × 15750 = 3.898125 MHz. This was the subcarrier frequency originally chosen, but tests showed that on some monochrome receivers an interference pattern caused by the beat between the color subcarrier and the 4. ...

  4. Sample-rate conversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sample-rate_conversion

    To convert a 24 frame/sec movie to 60 field/sec television, for example, alternate movie frames are shown 2 and 3 times, respectively. For 50 Hz systems such as PAL each frame is shown twice. Since 50 is not exactly 2×24, the movie will run 50/48 = 4% faster, and the audio pitch will be 4% higher, an effect known as PAL speed-up .

  5. List of broadcast video formats - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_broadcast_video...

    Film and television companies use this rate in 50 Hz regions for direct compatibility with television field and frame rates. Conversion for 60 Hz countries is enabled by doing 2:2:3:2:3 pulldown. [5] This is similar to 2:3 pulldown, and the result looks identical to a typical film transfer. While 25p captures half the temporal resolution or ...

  6. 48,000 Hz - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/48,000_Hz

    In digital audio, 48,000 Hz (also represented as 48 kHz or DVD Quality) is a common sampling rate. It has become the standard for professional audio and video. 48 kHz is evenly divisible by 24, a common frame rate for media, such as film, unlike 44.1 kHz .

  7. 24p - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/24p

    As Charles Poynton explains, the 24 frame/s rate is not just a cinema standard, it is also "uniquely suited to conversion to both 50 Hz systems (through 2:2 pulldown, 4% fast) and 59.94 Hz systems (through 2:3 pulldown, 0.1% slow). Choosing a rate other than 24 frame/s would compromise this widely accepted method of conversion, and make it ...

  8. Crystal oscillator frequencies - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crystal_oscillator_frequencies

    Common crystal in SDTV video handling systems (especially NTSC, square-pixel, or dual-mode systems; CCIR601 systems also use 24.576 MHz) 26.8436 Digital signal generator Exact frequency is 2^28/10 Hz. Used to drive a DDS synthesizer with 28-bit accumulator; gives output from 0 to 2.68435 MHz in 0.1 Hz steps. Instek SFG-1000 series is one example.

  9. Comparison of analog and digital recording - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_analog_and...

    The frequency response for a conventional LP player might be 20 Hz to 20 kHz, ±3 dB. The low-frequency response of vinyl records is restricted by rumble noise (described above), as well as the physical and electrical characteristics of the entire pickup arm and transducer assembly. The high-frequency response of vinyl depends on the cartridge.