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Out-of-order superscalar, register renaming, 4-way pipeline decode, 6 instruction per cycle, branch prediction, L3 cache ARM Cortex-A710: 2021 10 ARM Cortex-X1: 2020 13 5-wide decode out-of-order superscalar, L3 cache ARM Cortex-X2: 2021 10 ARM Cortex-X3: 2022 9 ARM Cortex-X4: 2023 10 AVR32 AP7: 7 AVR32 UC3: 3 Harvard architecture Bobcat: 2011
Microarchitecture simulation is an important technique in computer architecture research and computer science education. It is a tool for modeling the design and behavior of a microprocessor and its components, such as the ALU, cache memory, control unit, and data path, among others. The simulation allows researchers to explore the design space ...
Often, calculating a memory address involves more than one general-purpose machine instruction, which do not necessarily decode and execute quickly. By incorporating an AGU into a CPU design, together with introducing specialized instructions that use the AGU, various address-generation calculations can be offloaded from the rest of the CPU ...
Heterogeneous System Architecture (HSA) is a cross-vendor set of specifications that allow for the integration of central processing units and graphics processors on the same bus, with shared memory and tasks. [1] The HSA is being developed by the HSA Foundation, which includes (among many others) AMD and ARM.
Processor design is a subfield of computer science and computer engineering (fabrication) that deals with creating a processor, a key component of computer hardware.. The design process involves choosing an instruction set and a certain execution paradigm (e.g. VLIW or RISC) and results in a microarchitecture, which might be described in e.g. VHDL or Verilog.
The control unit (CU) is a component of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) that directs the operation of the processor. A CU typically uses a binary decoder to convert coded instructions into timing and control signals that direct the operation of the other units (memory, arithmetic logic unit and input and output devices, etc.).
It is a process because a sequence of steps is prescribed to produce or change the architecture, and/or a design from that architecture, of a hardware system within a set of constraints. It is a discipline because a body of knowledge is used to inform practitioners as to the most effective way to design the system within a set of constraints.
Software architecture is the set of structures needed to reason about a software system and the discipline of creating such structures and systems. Each structure comprises software elements, relations among them, and properties of both elements and relations.