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Vibrio cholerae is a species of Gram-negative, facultative anaerobe and comma-shaped bacteria. [1] The bacteria naturally live in brackish or saltwater where they attach themselves easily to the chitin -containing shells of crabs, shrimp, and other shellfish.
V. cholerae is generally transmitted by contaminated water. [3] Pathogenic Vibrio species can cause foodborne illness (infection), usually associated with eating undercooked seafood. [18] When ingested Vibrio bacteria can primarily result in watery diarrhea along with other secondary symptoms. [19]
Inhabitants of fresh or salt water, several species are pathogenic, including the type species Vibrio cholerae, which is the agent responsible for cholera. Most bioluminescent bacteria belong to this family, and are typically found as symbionts of deep-sea animals. [1]
Cholera is caused by a number of types of Vibrio cholerae, with some types producing more severe disease than others. [2] It is spread mostly by unsafe water and unsafe food that has been contaminated with human feces containing the bacteria. [2] Undercooked shellfish is a common source. [9] Humans are the only known host for the bacteria. [2]
Infections with the deadly, flesh-eating bacteria Vibrio vulnificus are rare — but they may be on the rise in parts of the United States. The bacteria are found naturally in warm seawater, and ...
Vibrio vulnificus is a species of Gram-negative, motile, curved rod-shaped (vibrio), pathogenic bacteria of the genus Vibrio. Present in marine environments such as estuaries, brackish ponds, or coastal areas, V. vulnificus is related to V. cholerae, the causative agent of cholera. [3] At least one strain of V. vulnificus is bioluminescent. [4]
Florida set a record number of cases of vibrio vulnificus, a bacteria that can live in coastal waters and, in extreme cases, can lead to serious illness and limb amputation.
Cholera toxin (also known as choleragen and sometimes abbreviated to CTX, Ctx or CT) is an AB5 multimeric protein complex secreted by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] CTX is responsible for the massive, watery diarrhea characteristic of cholera infection. [ 3 ]