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Phenylacetylene is a prototypical terminal acetylene, undergoing many reactions expected of that functional group. It undergoes semi hydrogenation over Lindlar catalyst to give styrene . In the presence of base and copper(II) salts, it undergoes oxidative coupling to give diphenylbutadiyne . [ 6 ]
Yet another method involves the coupling of iodobenzene and the copper salt of phenylacetylene in the Castro-Stephens coupling. The related Sonogashira coupling involves the coupling of iodobenzene and phenylacetylene. Diphenylacetylene is a planar molecule. The central C≡C distance is 119.8 picometers. [1]
These reactions invariably involve metal-acetylide intermediates. This reaction was discovered by chemist John Ulric Nef in 1899 while experimenting with reactions of elemental sodium, phenylacetylene, and acetophenone. [3] [4] For this reason, the reaction is sometimes referred to as Nef synthesis.
The Hay coupling is variant of the Glaser coupling. It relies on the TMEDA complex of copper(I) chloride to activate the terminal alkyne. Oxygen (air) is used in the Hay variant to oxidize catalytic amounts of Cu(I) to Cu(II) throughout the reaction, as opposed to a stoichiometric amount of Cu(II) used in the Eglington variant. [7]
Bioenergetics is a field in biochemistry and cell biology that concerns energy flow through living systems. [1] This is an active area of biological research that includes the study of the transformation of energy in living organisms and the study of thousands of different cellular processes such as cellular respiration and the many other metabolic and enzymatic processes that lead to ...
Phenylacetone, also known as phenyl-2-propanone, is an organic compound with the chemical formula C 6 H 5 CH 2 COCH 3.It is a colorless oil that is soluble in organic solvents.It is a mono-substituted benzene derivative, consisting of an acetone attached to a phenyl group.
Drug metabolism is the metabolic breakdown of drugs by living organisms, usually through specialized enzymatic systems. More generally, xenobiotic metabolism (from the Greek xenos "stranger" and biotic "related to living beings") is the set of metabolic pathways that modify the chemical structure of xenobiotics, which are compounds foreign to an organism's normal biochemistry, such as any drug ...
Example cheletropic reactions: Case 1: the single atom is the carbonyl carbon (C=O) that ends up in carbon monoxide (C≡O). Case 2: the single atom is the nitrogen atom in the diazenyl group (N=N), which ends up as dinitrogen (N≡N). The above are known as cheletropic eliminations because a small, stable molecule is given off in the reaction. [1]