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The mature gametophyte of mosses develops into leafy shoots that produce sex organs that produce gametes. Eggs develop in archegonia and sperm in antheridia. [6] In some bryophyte groups such as many liverworts of the order Marchantiales, the gametes are produced on specialized structures called gametophores (or gametangiophores).
The mature gametophyte produces male or female gametes (or both) by mitosis. The fusion of male and female gametes produces a diploid zygote which develops into a new sporophyte. This cycle is known as alternation of generations or alternation of phases.
Moss peat is made from Sphagnum. Commercial. Peat is a fuel produced from dried bryophytes, typically Sphagnum. Bryophytes' antibiotic properties and ability to retain water make them a useful packaging material for vegetables, flowers, and bulbs. [49] Also, because of its antibiotic properties, Sphagnum was used as a surgical dressing in World ...
The situation is quite different from that in animals, where the fundamental process is that a multicellular diploid (2n) individual directly produces haploid (n) gametes by meiosis. In animals, spores (i.e. haploid cells which are able to undergo mitosis) are not produced, so there is no asexual multicellular generation.
An antheridium is a haploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes (called antherozoids or sperm). The plural form is antheridia, and a structure containing one or more antheridia is called an androecium. [1] The androecium is also the collective term for the stamens of flowering plants.
The alternate generation, the gametophyte, produces gametes, eggs and/or sperm. A gametophyte can be monoicous (bisexual), producing both eggs and sperm, or dioicous (unisexual), either female (producing eggs) or male (producing sperm). In the bryophytes (liverworts, mosses, and hornworts), the sexual
Diagram of archegonium anatomy. An archegonium (pl.: archegonia), from the Ancient Greek ἀρχή ("beginning") and γόνος ("offspring"), is a multicellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete.
Moss spores germinate to form an alga-like filamentous structure called the protonema. It represents the juvenile gametophyte . While the protonema is growing by apical cell division, at some stage, under the influence of the phytohormone cytokinin , buds are induced which grow by three-faced apical cells.