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Abitur (German pronunciation: [abiˈtuːɐ] ⓘ), often shortened colloquially to Abi, is a qualification granted at the end of secondary education in Germany. It is conferred on students who pass their final exams at the end of ISCED 3 , usually after twelve or thirteen years of schooling (see also, for Germany, Abitur after twelve years ).
Lessons are taught in a similar fashion to those at a typical German gymnasium and students will often remain at the school for four years before taking their final exams. Some institutions allow for online learning whereby students can complete the coursework for the Abitur at home and only need attend the school two nights a week.
In 1810, during the Napoleonic Wars, Prussia introduced state certification requirements for teachers, which significantly raised the standard of teaching. The final examination, Abitur, was introduced in 1788, implemented in all Prussian secondary schools by 1812 and extended to all of Germany in 1871. The state also established teacher ...
where = German grade, = best possible score in foreign country's grading system, = lowest passing score in foreign grading system and = obtained foreign grade (to be converted into German grade). The resulting value is rounded to the next German grade (e.g. 1.6 is rounded to the German grade 1.7 and 2.4 is rounded to 2.3).
The university exam, the "Abitur," is often compared to a High school diploma in the United States, it is academically closer to the associate degree of a US college, as it usually requires specialisation in four to five subject areas.
Non-German graduation certificates that compare to the Mittlere Reife such as the American high school diploma generally do not qualify the bearer for attending a German university. However those holding a high school diploma will be able to study at a German university nevertheless if they did well on the SAT or ACT .
A Kolleg (German [ˈkɔleːɡ] from Latin collegium) in Germany is a three-year school of adult education, preparing students for the exams leading to the general university entrance qualification, the Abitur (Allgemeine Hochschulreife). Different from the otherwise similar German evening school, Abendgymnasium, Kolleg classes are in the ...
Immigrants living in Eastern Germany are more likely to attend a Gymnasium and less likely to attend a special education school. In the East German state of Brandenburg, 44% of all students from immigrant backgrounds were awarded the Abitur. Thus students from immigrant backgrounds were more likely to be awarded the Abitur than ethnic Germans ...