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Hives, also known as urticaria, is a kind of skin rash with red and/or flesh-colored, raised, itchy bumps. [1] Hives may burn or sting. [ 2 ] The patches of rash may appear on different body parts, [ 2 ] with variable duration from minutes to days, and do not leave any long-lasting skin change. [ 2 ]
Dermatographic urticaria is sometimes called "skin writing", as it is possible to mark deliberate patterns onto the skin. The condition manifests as an allergic-like reaction, causing a warm red wheal to appear on the skin. As it is often the result of scratches, involving contact with other materials, it can be confused with an allergic ...
Chronic spontaneous urticaria, despite its cause being unknown, is linked to a higher prevalence of autoimmune diseases, and is often worsened by triggers like stress, infections, certain foods, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The hives and angioedema seen in CSU is thought to be linked to the degranulation of skin mast cells.
Stasis dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis, acute irritant contact eczema and infective dermatitis have been documented as possible triggers, but the exact cause and mechanism is not fully understood. [7] Several other types of id reactions exist including erythema nodosum, erythema multiforme, Sweet's syndrome and urticaria. [3]
About one in six people will have acute hives at one point in their life. [6] Chronic urticaria (long-term): can develop suddenly and will persist more than six weeks. [6] This type of urticaria is uncommon [6] and occurs in only 0.1% of the population. [7] 20% of people with chronic urticaria report still having problems 10 years after its ...
The term papular urticaria [4] is commonly used for a reaction to mosquito bites that is dominated by widely spread hives. Here, papular urticaria is regarded as a symptom of mosquito bite allergy manifested in individuals with one of the other mosquito bite allergies but particularly in those associated with eosinophilic cellulitis.
Aquagenic urticaria differs from aquagenic pruritus, in which contact with water evokes intense itching without visible hives or rash. [18] [19] [20] Once known as a separate, rare disease, aquagenic urticaria is now considered a subtype of general urticaria. [21] The first case was reported by Walter B Shelley et al. in 1964. [22]