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The six-part fugue in the "Ricercar a 6" from The Musical Offering, in the hand of Johann Sebastian BachIn classical music, a fugue (/ f juː ɡ /, from Latin fuga, meaning "flight" or "escape" [1]) is a contrapuntal, polyphonic compositional technique in two or more voices, built on a subject (a musical theme) that is introduced at the beginning in imitation (repetition at different pitches ...
A fugue subject of above-average length andante At a walking pace (i.e. at a moderate tempo) andantino Slightly faster than andante (but earlier it is sometimes used to mean slightly slower than andante) ängstlich (Ger.) Anxiously anima Soul; con anima: with feeling animandosi Progressively more animated animato Animated, lively antiphon
Fugue – Complex contrapuntal composition in which a single theme or subject is introduced by one part and successively taken up by others. Hymn – A religious song of praise. Invention – Short composition in two-part counterpoint, usually for a keyboard instrument. Lament – Song expressing grief or sorrow.
In a fugue, stretto (German: Engführung) is the imitation of the subject in close succession, so that the answer enters before the subject is completed. [ 1 ] In non-fugal compositions, a stretto (also sometimes spelled stretta ) is a passage, often at the end of an aria or movement , in faster tempo.
The countersubject usually contrasts with the subject/answer phrase shape. In a fugue, a countersubject is "the continuation of counterpoint in the voice that began with the subject", occurring against the answer. [13] It is not usually regarded as an essential feature of fugue, however. [14] The typical fugue opening resembles the following: [13]
Johann Sebastian Bach used the motif in a number of works, most famously as a fugue subject in the last Contrapunctus of The Art of Fugue. The motif also appears in other pieces. [4] Later commentators wrote: "The figure occurs so often in Bach's bass lines that it cannot have been accidental." [5]
As students progressed, partimenti became unfigured. (Fenaroli Partimento Fugue 8, Book 5, Gj1418) A Partimento (from the Italian: partimento, plural partimenti) is a sketch (often a bass line), written out on a single staff, whose main purpose is to be a guide for the improvisation ("realization") of a composition at the keyboard. [1]
Fugue subject is 19 notes long, 20 if you count the 8th rest in the beginning. The subject ends on a E in Voice 1, ends on B in voice 2. Now, back to Theme B. If Theme B is used consistently during the course of the fugue to accompany subject entries, then Theme B is called a counter-subject. If Theme B is developed in a fugal fashion and is ...