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A revolute joint (also called pin joint or hinge joint) is a one-degree-of-freedom kinematic pair used frequently in mechanisms and machines. [1] The joint constrains the motion of two bodies to pure rotation along a common axis. The joint does not allow translation, or sliding linear motion, a constraint not shown in the diagram. Almost all ...
Line representations in robotics are used for the following: They model joint axes: a revolute joint makes any connected rigid body rotate about the line of its axis; a prismatic joint makes the connected rigid body translate along its axis line. They model edges of the polyhedral objects used in many task planners or sensor processing modules.
The robot Jacobian results in a set of linear equations that relate the joint rates to the six-vector formed from the angular and linear velocity of the end-effector, known as a twist. Specifying the joint rates yields the end-effector twist directly. The inverse velocity problem seeks the joint rates that provide a specified end-effector twist.
A prismatic joint is a one-degree-of-freedom kinematic pair [1] which constrains the motion of two bodies to sliding along a common axis, without rotation; for this reason it is often called a slider (as in the slider-crank linkage) or a sliding pair. They are often utilized in hydraulic and pneumatic cylinders. [2]
A screw joint or helical H joint requires cut threads in two links, so that there is a turning as well as sliding motion between them. This joint has one degree of freedom. A cylindrical C joint requires that a line in the moving body remain co-linear with a line in the fixed body. It is a combination of a revolute joint and a sliding joint.
where θ i is the rotation around and d i is the sliding motion along the z-axis. Each of these parameters could be a constant depending on the structure of the robot. Under this convention the dimensions of each link in the serial chain are defined by the screw displacement around the common normal A i,i+1 from the joint S i to S i+1, which is ...
Joint constraints are rotational constraints on the joints of an artificial system. [1] They are used in an inverse kinematics chain, in fields including 3D animation or robotics. [2] Joint constraints can be implemented in a number of ways, but the most common method is to limit rotation about the X, Y and Z axis independently. An elbow, for ...
Screw theory is an important tool in robot mechanics, [5] [6] [7 ... For a revolute joint, let the axis of rotation pass through the point q and be directed along the ...