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  2. Distance from a point to a line - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/.../Distance_from_a_point_to_a_line

    Also, let Q = (x 1, y 1) be any point on this line and n the vector (a, b) starting at point Q. The vector n is perpendicular to the line, and the distance d from point P to the line is equal to the length of the orthogonal projection of on n. The length of this projection is given by:

  3. Euclidean distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_distance

    That is (unlike road distance with one-way streets) the distance between two points does not depend on which of the two points is the start and which is the destination. [ 11 ] It is positive , meaning that the distance between every two distinct points is a positive number , while the distance from any point to itself is zero.

  4. Line segment - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_segment

    In geometry, a line segment is a part of a straight line that is bounded by two distinct endpoints (its extreme points), and contains every point on the line that is between its endpoints. It is a special case of an arc, with zero curvature. The length of a line segment is given by the Euclidean distance between its endpoints.

  5. Line (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line_(geometry)

    In an axiomatic formulation of Euclidean geometry, such as that of Hilbert (modern mathematicians added to Euclid's original axioms to fill perceived logical gaps), [1]: 108 a line is stated to have certain properties that relate it to other lines and points. For example, for any two distinct points, there is a unique line containing them, and ...

  6. Mean line segment length - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mean_line_segment_length

    In geometry, the mean line segment length is the average length of a line segment connecting two points chosen uniformly at random in a given shape. In other words, it is the expected Euclidean distance between two random points, where each point in the shape is equally likely to be chosen.

  7. Parallel (geometry) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parallel_(geometry)

    the distance between the two lines can be found by locating two points (one on each line) that lie on a common perpendicular to the parallel lines and calculating the distance between them. Since the lines have slope m , a common perpendicular would have slope −1/ m and we can take the line with equation y = − x / m as a common perpendicular.

  8. Slope - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slope

    Slope illustrated for y = (3/2)x − 1.Click on to enlarge Slope of a line in coordinates system, from f(x) = −12x + 2 to f(x) = 12x + 2. The slope of a line in the plane containing the x and y axes is generally represented by the letter m, [5] and is defined as the change in the y coordinate divided by the corresponding change in the x coordinate, between two distinct points on the line.

  9. Linear interpolation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linear_interpolation

    Given the two red points, the blue line is the linear interpolant between the points, and the value y at x may be found by linear interpolation.. In mathematics, linear interpolation is a method of curve fitting using linear polynomials to construct new data points within the range of a discrete set of known data points.

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