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In mathematics, quaternions are a non-commutative number system that extends the complex numbers.Quaternions and their applications to rotations were first described in print by Olinde Rodrigues in all but name in 1840, [1] but independently discovered by Irish mathematician Sir William Rowan Hamilton in 1843 and applied to mechanics in three-dimensional space.
It has been argued that the discovery of the quaternions, by revealing deep mathematical structures that did not obey the commutative law, allowed mathematicians to create new systems unbound by the rules of ordinary arithmetic. It follows that the climax of the Hamilton walk at Broom Bridge marks the exact spot where modern algebra was born. [5]
A plaque under the Broom Bridge, associated with the discovery of quaternions, was unveiled by Éamon de Valera on 13 November 1958. [ 52 ] [ 53 ] Since 1989, the National University of Ireland, Maynooth , has organised a pilgrimage called the Hamilton Walk , in which mathematicians take a walk from Dunsink Observatory to the bridge, where no ...
The field of complex numbers is also isomorphic to three subsets of quaternions.) [22] A quaternion that equals its vector part is called a vector quaternion. The set of quaternions is a 4-dimensional vector space over the real numbers, with { 1 , i , j , k } {\displaystyle \left\{1,\mathbf {i} ,\mathbf {j} ,\mathbf {k} \right\}} as a basis ...
Plaque on Broome Bridge. It is famous for being the location where Sir William Rowan Hamilton first wrote down the fundamental formula for quaternions on 16 October 1843, which is to this day commemorated by a stone plaque on the northwest corner of the underside of the bridge.
Quaternion plaque on Brougham (Broom) Bridge, Dublin Ferns' Lock. In 1843, while walking with his wife along the Royal Canal, Sir William Rowan Hamilton realised the formula for quaternions and carved his initial thoughts into a stone on the Broom Bridge over the canal. The annual Hamilton Walk commemorates this event. In 1845 the canal was ...
A plaque commemorating the Black ownership of a patch of California beach seized in 1924 by segregationist government officials has been stolen, authorities said.
Quaternion Eagle, hand-coloured woodcut by Hans Burgkmair, c. 1510. Over its long history, the Holy Roman Empire used many different heraldic forms, representing its numerous internal divisions. One rendition of the coat of the empire was the Quaternion Eagle, printed by David de Negker of Augsburg after a 1510 woodcut by Hans Burgkmair. [2]