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Irreligion in France has a long history and a large demographic constitution, with the advancement of atheism and the deprecation of theistic religion dating back as far as the French Revolution. In 2015, according to estimates, at least 29% of the country's population identifies as atheists and 63% identifies as non-religious.
According to reports from the WIN/Gallup International's (WIN/GIA) four global polls: in 2005, 77% were a religious person and 4% were "convinced atheists"; in 2012, 23% were not a religious person and 13% were "convinced atheists"; [2] in 2015, 22% were not a religious person and 11% were "convinced atheists"; [3] and in 2017, 25% were not a ...
Of the developed nations, people in the United States were "most sure" of the existence of God or a higher power (2% atheist, 4% agnostic), while France had the most skeptics (19% atheist, 16% agnostic). On the religion question, South Korea had the greatest percentage without a religion (41%) while Italy had the smallest (5%). [57]
Sikhism has nearly 700,000 adherents in Europe. Most of the community live in United Kingdom (450,000) and Italy (100,000). [123] [124] Around 10,000 Sikhs live in Belgium and France. [125] Netherlands and Germany have a Sikh population of 22,000. [126] [127] All other countries, such as Greece, have 5,000 or fewer Sikhs.
Deism gained influence in France, Prussia and England, and proffered belief in a noninterventionist deity, but "while some deists were atheists in disguise, most were religious, and by today's standards would be called true believers".
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State atheism or atheist state is the incorporation of hard atheism or non-theism into political regimes. [27] It is considered the opposite of theocracy and may also refer to large-scale secularization attempts by governments. [ 28 ]
Criticism of religion involves criticism of the validity, concept, or ideas of religion. [1] Historical records of criticism of religion go back to at least 5th century BCE in ancient Greece, in Athens specifically, with Diagoras "the Atheist" of Melos. In ancient Rome, an early known example is Lucretius' De rerum natura from the 1st century BCE.