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If the semiconductor is translucent, the junction becomes the source of light, thus becoming a light-emitting diode. I-V diagram for a diode. An LED begins to emit light when more than 2 or 3 volts is applied in the forward direction.
When more accuracy is desired in modelling the diode's turn-on characteristic, the model can be enhanced by doubling-up the standard PWL-model. This model uses two piecewise-linear diodes in parallel, as a way to model a single diode more accurately. PWL Diode model with 2 branches. The top branch has a lower forward-voltage and a higher ...
In an organic light-emitting diode , the electroluminescent material composing the emissive layer of the diode is an organic compound. The organic material is electrically conductive due to the delocalization of pi electrons caused by conjugation over all or part of the molecule, and the material therefore functions as an organic semiconductor ...
A common variant of a diode is a light-emitting diode, ... models the exponential current ... an equivalent device for the diode but with laser light would be the ...
A 230-volt LED filament lamp, with an E27 base. The filaments are visible as the eight yellow vertical lines. An assortment of LED lamps commercially available in 2010: floodlight fixtures (left), reading light (center), household lamps (center right and bottom), and low-power accent light (right) applications An 80W Chips on board (COB) LED module from an industrial light luminaire, thermally ...
Unlike a regular diode, the goal for a laser diode is to recombine all carriers in the I region, and produce light. Thus, laser diodes are fabricated using direct band-gap semiconductors. The laser diode epitaxial structure is grown using one of the crystal growth techniques, usually starting from an N- doped substrate, and growing the I-doped ...
Equivalent circuit of a solar cell. An equivalent circuit model of an ideal solar cell's p–n junction uses an ideal current source (whose photogenerated current increases with light intensity) in parallel with a diode (whose current represents recombination losses).
The Shockley diode equation, or the diode law, named after transistor co-inventor William Shockley of Bell Labs, models the exponential current–voltage (I–V) relationship of semiconductor diodes in moderate constant current forward bias or reverse bias:
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