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The quality the codec can achieve is heavily based on the compression format the codec uses. A codec is not a format, and there may be multiple codecs that implement the same compression specification – for example, MPEG-1 codecs typically do not achieve quality/size ratio comparable to codecs that implement the more modern H.264 specification.
MPEG-4 AVC (H.264) Lossy or lossless: 2004-08 Patent encumbered [57] Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes [III] Yes Yes [58] Yes AV1: Lossy or lossless: 2018-03 Patent claims Beta [59] Yes No No No No Planned No VP9: Lossy or lossless: 2013-06 Patent claims Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No VP8: Lossy or lossless: 2008-09 Patent claims Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No No ...
AV1 is a traditional block-based frequency transform format featuring new techniques. Based on Google's VP9, [38] AV1 incorporates additional techniques that mainly give encoders more coding options to enable better adaptation to different types of input. Processing stages of an AV1 encoder with relevant technologies associated with each stage
The H.264 specification calls H.261, H.262, H.263, and H.264 video coding standards and does not contain the word codec. [2] The Alliance for Open Media clearly distinguishes between the AV1 video coding format and the accompanying codec they are developing, but calls the video coding format itself a video codec specification. [3]
VideoLAN dav1d – An AV1 decoder for decoding videos with AV1 codec; Xiph.Org rav1e – An AV1 encoder written in Rust; Google libgav1 – An AV1 decoder by Google; xvc – An open source video codec, aiming to compete with h.265 and AV1. The reference implementation is released under the LGPL 2.1 and currently available in version 2.0 (as of ...
In a HEVC performance comparison released in April 2013, the HEVC MP and Main 10 Profile (M10P) were compared with H.264/MPEG-4 AVC HP and High 10 Profile (H10P) using 3840×2160 video sequences. The video sequences were encoded using the HM-10.0 HEVC encoder and the JM-18.4 H.264/MPEG-4 AVC encoder.
H.264 can often perform radically better than MPEG-2 video—typically obtaining the same quality at half of the bit rate or less, especially on high bit rate and high resolution video content. [49] Like other ISO/IEC MPEG video standards, H.264/AVC has a reference software implementation that can be freely downloaded. [50]
AV1 is a free modern video format developed by the Alliance for Open Media (AOM). It delivers high quality video at lower bitrates than H.264 or even H.265/HEVC. Unlike HEVC, it can be streamed in common web browsers. It is being adopted by YouTube and Netflix, amongst others. As of 2023, a few encoders use AV1.